Child welfare clients have higher risks for teenage childbirths: which are the major confounders?

Brännström, Lars; Vinnerljung, Bo; Hjern, Anders

doi:10.1093/eurpub/ckw057

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“… Currie and Widom (2010) , for example, speculate that poor midlife economic outcomes in maltreated children may partially be explained by poor educational attainment. Several Swedish national cohort studies indicate that poor school and educational performance are the by far strongest predictors of OHC alumni’s social, economic, and health-related outcomes in adulthood (e.g., Brännström, Vinnerljung, & Hjern, 2016 ; Vinnerljung et al, 2015 ). Since OHC children in care tend to substantially underperform in the educational system compared to peers with similar cognitive capacity, investing in school/educational support while they are in societal care is a credible strategy ( Forsman & Vinnerljung, 2012 ; Vinnerljung et al, 2010 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Children Placed In Out-of-Home Care as Midlife Adults: Are They Still Disadvantaged or Have They Caught Up With Their Peers?

et al. 2017

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International research has consistently reported that children placed in out-of-home care (OHC) have poor outcomes in young adulthood. Yet, little is known about their outcomes in midlife. Using prospective data from a cohort of more than 14,000 Swedes born in 1953, of which nearly 9% have been placed in OHC, this study examines whether there is developmental continuity or discontinuity of disadvantage reaching into middle age in OHC children, compared to same-aged peers. Outcome profiles, here conceptualized as combinations of adverse outcomes related to education, economic hardship, unemployment, and mental health problems, were assessed in 1992–2008 (ages 39–55). Results indicate that having had experience of OHC was associated with 2-fold elevated odds of ending up in the most disadvantaged outcome profile, controlling for observed confounding factors. These findings suggest that experience of OHC is a strong marker for disadvantaged outcomes also in midlife.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Children Placed In Out-of-Home Care as Midlife Adults: Are They Still Disadvantaged or Have They Caught Up With Their Peers?

et al. 2017

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“…This categorisation of children with OHC experience has been used in a host of previous national cohort studies (e.g. Brännström, Vinnerljung, & Hjern, ; Vinnerljung & Hjern, ), and has shown good discriminatory qualities: Short OHC ( N = 16,094): Persons who were placed in OHC for the first time before age 13 and who stayed in care less than five years totally before age 20. The average age of first placement was 6 years and the average time spent in care was 1.3 years. Long OHC ( N = 11,153 ) : Persons who were placed in OHC for the first time before age 13 and who remained in care for five years or more.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dental healthcare utilisation among young adults who were in societal out‐of‐home care as children: A Swedish National Cohort Study

et al. 2018

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We used Swedish national registers to analyse dental health care among young adults with childhood experience of out‐of‐home care (OHC), in Cox regression analyses. All 1.7 million Swedish residents born in 1980–1994 were included, of whom 4% had been in OHC. The population was followed up in the Dental Health Register from age 20 to 29, during the period 2009–2014. We found that persons with short or long OHC experience made emergency dental care visits more often than their majority‐population peers: 17–23% versus 9–10%, (adjusted Hazard ratios [HR:s] 1.60–2.02); they more often had tooth extractions, 9–12% versus 3% (HR:s 2.33–3.03); but less regularly visited a dentist for planned check‐ups, 61–77% versus 80–87% (HR:s 0.76–0.78). Since dental health in young adulthood reflects dental health and dental care in childhood, the findings of this study call for improved preventive dental health care for children in OHC.

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“…Participants only minimally discussed care leavers who did not have children (many participants only worked with parents), but some commented that young people with normative family experiences of stable relationships and placements were not tending to have children and instead finished school and progressed to university and work. Brannstrom et al (2016) similarly identified a clear relationship between girls' school failure and early parenting in a whole population study of child welfare clients. Ohene and Garcia (2020) found that educational attainment was linked with connectedness to carers and residential care staff and a positive sense of self.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Where Is the Village? Care Leaver Early Parenting, Social Isolation and Surveillance Bias

Purtell

Mendes

Saunders

2021

Int. Journal on Child Malt.

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Young people transitioning from out-of-home care (termed care leavers) are known to be a relatively vulnerable group. One example is their over-representation in early pregnancy and parenting. This paper presents findings from a study of care leaver early parenting in the Australian state of Victoria. Sixteen service provider staff working with care leavers who had become young parents were asked, via focus groups and interviews, for their perspectives on the factors that influence the high prevalence of early parenting amongst care leavers, and the key support services that are available and necessary to assist both care leavers and their children. Service providers raised multiple issues common to the existing leaving care literature concerning the lack of support provided to young people being exited from state care as potentially leading to both early parenting and parenting challenges. Service providers also expressed concern about what many studies of care leaver early parenting have termed 'surveillance bias'. There was a clear consensus that young people transitioning from care face unique challenges and social isolation due to their difficult experiences pre-care, in-care and post-care. Those experiences place them at risk of disadvantages that impede their ability to demonstrate the practical, physical and financial means to safely raise children. At the same time, they are under greater scrutiny than other parents by being known to child protection already. Service providers argued in favour of greater support for young care leaver parents to prevent their children's engagement with child protection systems. Keywords Out-of-home care • Young people • Early pregnancy and parenting

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Child welfare clients have higher risks for teenage childbirths: which are the major confounders?

Cited by 15 publications

References 35 publications

Children Placed In Out-of-Home Care as Midlife Adults: Are They Still Disadvantaged or Have They Caught Up With Their Peers?

Children Placed In Out-of-Home Care as Midlife Adults: Are They Still Disadvantaged or Have They Caught Up With Their Peers?

Dental healthcare utilisation among young adults who were in societal out‐of‐home care as children: A Swedish National Cohort Study

Where Is the Village? Care Leaver Early Parenting, Social Isolation and Surveillance Bias

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