Child sexual abuse, disclosure and PTSD: A systematic and critical review

McTavish, Jill; Micieli, Jonathan A; MacMillan, Harriet L.; Wekerle, Christine

doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2019.04.006

Cited by 48 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Nonresponse is a particular problem affecting cross-sectional studies and can result in bias of the measures of outcome. Many women never talk about their trauma, suffer in silence, and are difficult to recruit ( McTavish et al, 2019 ). In the present study, we recruited women attending a support center for survivors of incest and sexual abuse, which indicates that our sample is a selected group receiving support and counseling.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interrelationship of Posttraumatic Stress, Hassles, Uplifts, and Coping in Women With a History of Severe Sexual Abuse: A Cross-Sectional Study

Stensvehagen

Bronken

Lien

et al. 2020

J Interpers Violence

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Experiencing trauma, such as sexual abuse, increases the risk of a negative health outcome. The aim of the present study was to compare two groups of female survivors of sexual abuse, one group with a lower indication of posttraumatic stress disorder (L-PTSD) and one with a higher indication of posttraumatic stress disorder (H-PTSD). We hypothesized that, with a history of sexual abuse, higher levels of PTSD symptoms would be associated with more daily hassles, fewer daily uplifts, and more maladaptive coping strategies, and that there would be more reporting of severe types of sexual victimization, less resourceful socioeconomic conditions and a lower level of emotional stability. A questionnaire, including measures of socioeconomic conditions, trauma experience, emotional stability (the Single-Item Measures of Personality), Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (PCL), daily hassles and uplifts (the Stress Profile), and coping strategies (the Brief Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced [COPE] questionnaire), was completed by 57 female users at nine support centers for survivors of incest and sexual abuse in Norway. The results show that the H-PTSD group reported significantly more daily hassles, fewer daily uplifts, and more use of maladaptive coping strategies. The L-PTSD group reported more emotional stability, fewer daily hassles, and more uplifts, and used more adaptive coping strategies. However, few differences were found between the H-PTSD and the L-PTSD groups with regard to severity of sexual abuse and socioeconomic conditions. The results on the hassle, uplift, and coping scales are potentially interesting from an interventional point of view. Major life events such as sexual abuse may be out of control for the afflicted victim. Appraisal of and coping with everyday events, however, can be affected and offer interesting possibilities for interventions directed at the survivor, her significant others, and professional helpers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interrelationship of Posttraumatic Stress, Hassles, Uplifts, and Coping in Women With a History of Severe Sexual Abuse: A Cross-Sectional Study

Stensvehagen

Bronken

Lien

et al. 2020

J Interpers Violence

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“…Those authors indicate that children in isolation or quarantine have more PTSD symptoms when compared to general databases. It is important to understand if quarantine and CM can have an amplifying effect on the already reported CM effect on PTSD ( Messman‐Moore & Bhuptani, 2017 ; McTavish, Sverdlichenko, MacMillan, & Wekerle, 2019 ), or whether the children in isolation/quarantine were already at higher risk of PTSD. Despite Sprang and Silman (2013) not directly investigating the children's mental health outcomes in the long-term, their study provides important cues for future research in a post-pandemic world.…”

Section: An Ecological Framework For Exploring the Links Between Covimentioning

confidence: 99%

Child maltreatment in the time of the COVID-19 pandemic: A proposed global framework on research, policy and practice

Katz

Filho

Korbin

et al. 2021

Child Abuse & Neglect

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“…Besides poor academic outcomes and negative social and interpersonal problems, sexual violence victimisation among adolescents is associated with a wide-range of negative mental and physical health outcomes, including HIV and other sexually transmitted infections, broken bones, head trauma, depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (Wells et al, 1997 ; Daignault and Hebert, 2009 ; UNICEF, 2014 ; McLaughlin and Sheridan, 2016 ; Oram et al, 2017 ; McTavish et al, 2019 ; Nguyen et al, 2019 ; Seff and Stark, 2019 ). A growing body of evidence (mostly from high-income contexts) suggests that sexual violence victimisation is a strong risk for self-harm 2 , suicidal ideations, and eventual suicide among adolescents (Brown et al, 1999 ; Beautrais, 2000 ; Martin et al, 2004 ; Ystgaard et al, 2004 ; Klonsky and Moyer, 2008 ; Miller et al, 2013 ; Seff and Stark, 2019 ; Alix et al, 2020 ; Baiden et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Harm Among School-Going Adolescent Survivors of Sexual Violence Victimisation: A Cross-Sectional Study

Quarshie

2021

Front. Sociol.

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Background: A growing body of evidence from high-income contexts suggests a strong association between sexual violence victimisation and self-harm and eventual suicide. However, both sexual violence and self-harm among adolescents are still less researched in sub-Saharan African countries, including Ghana.Objectives: To estimate the 12-month prevalence of self-harm, and to describe the associated factors and reported reasons for self-harm among school-going adolescent survivors of sexual violence victimisation during the previous 12 months in urban Ghana.Methods: Analytic data came from a regional-based representative cross-sectional survey including in-school youth (N = 1,723) conducted in 2017 within the Greater Accra Region of Ghana. Of these, 297 (17.2%) self-reported sexual violence victimisation in the previous 12 months; this proportion of the participants (n = 297) was the focus of the current study. Items measuring sexual violence victimisation, self-harm, and correlates were adopted from the 2012 Ghana WHO–Global School-based Student Health Survey and the Child and Adolescent Self-harm in Europe Study. Data analysis involved multivariable logistic regression models.Results: The estimate of self-harm ideation during the previous 12 months was 45.8% (95% CI: 40–52), whereas the estimate of self-harm behaviour was 38.7% (95% CI: 33–44). About two in five of the participants who reported self-harm wanted to die by their last episode of the behaviour. While bullying victimisation was associated with increased odds of self-harm ideation (aOR = 1.97, 95% CI 1.17, 3.31, p = 0.010) and behaviour (aOR = 2.76, 95% CI 1.59, 4.80, p < 0.001), weekly alcohol use (aOR = 2.56, 95% CI 1.32, 4.93, p = 0.005), conflict with parents (aOR = 2.30, 95% CI 1.28, 4.12, p = 0.005), and physical abuse victimisation (aOR = 1.80, 95% CI 1.03, 3.15, p = 0.037) showed strong associations with increased odds of self-harm behaviour in the past 12 months.Conclusions: The evidence underscores the need for both universal and targeted multi-level intervention and prevention programmes to mitigate the offence of sexual violence and reduce the chances of self-harm among adolescent survivors of sexual violence in urban Ghana.

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Child sexual abuse, disclosure and PTSD: A systematic and critical review

Cited by 48 publications

References 60 publications

Interrelationship of Posttraumatic Stress, Hassles, Uplifts, and Coping in Women With a History of Severe Sexual Abuse: A Cross-Sectional Study

Interrelationship of Posttraumatic Stress, Hassles, Uplifts, and Coping in Women With a History of Severe Sexual Abuse: A Cross-Sectional Study

Child maltreatment in the time of the COVID-19 pandemic: A proposed global framework on research, policy and practice

Self-Harm Among School-Going Adolescent Survivors of Sexual Violence Victimisation: A Cross-Sectional Study

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