Child maltreatment in the “children of the nineties”: A cohort study of risk factors

Sidebotham, Peter; Heron, Jon

doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2005.11.005

Cited by 386 publications

(378 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…In this study, the caregiver's psychopathology moderated the relationship between elevated PME and cortisol reactivity. Research suggests that children of caregivers with psychopathology may be exposed to maltreatment and neglect, including emotional and physical abuse, domestic violence and aggression, and rejection (Famularo et al, 1992;Sidebotham et al, 2001). Similar environmental stressors are reported in children of alcohol-misusing caregivers (Dube et al, 2001), a signifi cant predictor of cortisol blunting in children with PME in this study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Cortisol Reactivity in Two-Year-Old Children Prenatally Exposed to Methamphetamine

Kirlić

Newman²,

LaGasse³

et al. 2013

J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs

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ABSTRACT. Objective: Until now, the functioning of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in children with prenatal methamphetamine exposure (PME) had been unexamined. Previous research indicates that prenatal exposure to stimulant drugs is associated with dose-response alterations in neural growth and connectivity and consequent neurobehavioral defi cits. In addition, children of drug-using parents are at an increased risk for exposure to chronic postnatal stress. In this preliminary study, we examined the associations of PME and postnatal environmental stress with cortisol stress reactivity in children with PME. Method: Participants were 2-year-old children (N = 123; 55.3% male) with PME from a multicenter longitudinal Infant, Development, Environment, and Lifestyle Study. Saliva samples were obtained before and after a stress-inducing separation task. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses examined prenatal drug exposure, methodological and postnatal stress covariates, and interactions between levels of PME and postnatal stress. Results: Mild to moderate potential for child physical abuse moderated increased cortisol reactivity in high exposed children with PME. Blunted cortisol reactivity was associated with caregiver's postnatal alcohol use, child's behavioral dysregulation, and the interaction between higher levels of PME and caregiver's psychopathology. Conclusions: Consistent with the known effects of stimulant drugs and chronically stressful environments on the HPA axis and, thus, the toxic stress and allostatic load phenomena, our results imply that elevated PME may be associated with alterations in the programming of the HPA axis refl ecting hyperactivity, which under signifi cant and chronic environmental stress then may become hypoactive. (J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs, 74, 447-451, 2013)

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Cortisol Reactivity in Two-Year-Old Children Prenatally Exposed to Methamphetamine

Kirlić

Newman²,

LaGasse³

et al. 2013

J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs

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“…This supports a large body of literature regarding the risk of maltreatment in families with histories of parental mental health problems (34). Similar levels of mental and physical health problems are also not surprising in light of the research evidence that supports the high co-occurrence rates of mental and physical illnesses (35,36).…”

Section: Indirect Exposure To Traumatic Eventssupporting

confidence: 75%

The relationship between child maltreatment and exposure to traumatic events during later adolescence and young adulthood

Schouwenaars¹,

Murphy²,

Elklit³

2016

Scandinavian Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology

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Objective: The present study investigated the relationship between different types of childhood maltreatment (emotional abuse, sexual abuse, multiple abuse types, and no abuse) and the occurrence of later traumatic events during later adolescence and young adulthood. Method: Data were collected from a Danish national study conducted by The Danish National Centre for Social Research in 2008 and 2009. A sample of 4718 young adults who were 24 years old was randomly selected using the total birth cohort of children born in 1984. A structured interview was conducted during which participants were asked about a range of traumatic and abusive experiences. Results: A response rate of 63% was achieved for a total sample size of 2980. Chi-squared analyses revealed significant relationships between all child maltreatment groups and direct exposure to 10 of the 13 traumatic events; there were also significant relationships between all child maltreatment groups and indirect exposure to 12 of the 13 traumatic events. Conclusion:The results showed that childhood maltreatment was associated with increased risk of exposure to traumatic events, both directly and indirectly, during adolescence and young adulthood. The findings of this study suggest there is an increased risk of being exposed to both direct and indirect traumas during later adolescence and young adulthood after any form of child maltreatment.

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“…Furthermore they tend to serve socioeconomically deprived areas, this being associated with a higher prevalence of child maltreatment. 8 Welbury et al 15 found that GDPs practising in some geographical areas were likely to consider child neglect a cultural norm and to have lower expectations of children's presentation, so-called 'cultural relativism.' One might anticipate that dentists might similarly become desensitised to dental neglect such that those who see it most often are least likely to take effective action.…”

Section: Reported Multi-agency Communication Regarding Children With mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 Untreated dental disease impacts on children's health and wellbeing, commonly causing pain. [5][6][7] Since neglect has risk factors in common with dental caries, including socioeconomic deprivation, 8 signs of neglect may be an incidental fi nding in child dental patients. In addition, dentists may become aware that a parent or carer's responsibility to maintain a child's oral health and to access dental care is not being fulfi lled.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safeguarding children in dentistry: 2. Do paediatric dentists neglect child dental neglect?

et al. 2009

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Child maltreatment in the “children of the nineties”: A cohort study of risk factors

Cited by 386 publications

References 68 publications

Cortisol Reactivity in Two-Year-Old Children Prenatally Exposed to Methamphetamine

Cortisol Reactivity in Two-Year-Old Children Prenatally Exposed to Methamphetamine

The relationship between child maltreatment and exposure to traumatic events during later adolescence and young adulthood

Safeguarding children in dentistry: 2. Do paediatric dentists neglect child dental neglect?

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