Child Characteristics as Moderators of the Association Between Family Stress and Children's Internalizing, Externalizing, and Peer Rejection

Gaylord, Noni K.; Kitzmann, Katherine M.; Lockwood, Rebecca

doi:10.1023/a:1022862816506

Cited by 14 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Moreover, interparent agreement for child social skills tends to be higher among parents who share child rearing duties than for parent dyads where the mother is primarily responsible for child rearing (Fagan & Fantuzzo, 1999). Disagreement among informants is also important, as informant discrepancies may reflect psychologically meaningful constructs like disrupted communication and family conflict (De Los Reyes, Goodman, Kliewer, & Reid-Quiñones, 2008; De Los Reyes et al, 2012; Gaylord, Kitzmann, & Lockwood, 2003; Grills & Ollendick, 2002; Guion, Mrug, & Windle, 2009). Taken together, these findings suggest that—in addition to well-acquainted raters such as parents and teachers—unacquainted observers exposed to small slices of an individual’s behavior may represent an independent and valid source of information about a person’s personality characteristics.…”

Section: Thin Slices Of Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Thin slices of child personality: Perceptual, situational, and behavioral contributions.

Tackett¹,

Herzhoff²,

Kushner³

et al. 2016

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

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The present study examined whether thin-slice ratings of child personality serve as a resource-efficient and theoretically valid measurement of child personality traits. We extended theoretical work on the observability, perceptual accuracy, and situational consistency of childhood personality traits by examining intersource and interjudge agreement, cross-situational consistency, and convergent, divergent, and predictive validity of thin-slice ratings. Forty-five unacquainted independent coders rated 326 children's (ages 8-12) personality in 1 of 15 thin-slice behavioral scenarios (i.e., 3 raters per slice, for over 14,000 independent thin-slice ratings). Mothers, fathers, and children rated children's personality, psychopathology, and competence. We found robust evidence for correlations between thin-slice and mother/father ratings of child personality, within- and across-task consistency of thin-slice ratings, and convergent and divergent validity with psychopathology and competence. Surprisingly, thin-slice ratings were more consistent across situations in this child sample than previously found for adults. Taken together, these results suggest that thin slices are a valid and reliable measure to assess child personality, offering a useful method of measurement beyond questionnaires, helping to address novel questions of personality perception and consistency in childhood.

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Section: Thin Slices Of Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Thin slices of child personality: Perceptual, situational, and behavioral contributions.

Tackett¹,

Herzhoff²,

Kushner³

et al. 2016

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Historically dismissed as measurement error, informant discrepancies have since been shown to account for meaningful variance in important clinical outcomes (e.g., treatment response; De Los Reyes, Alfano, & Beidel, 2010; Ferdinand et al, 2004). Parent – youth discrepancies are also believed to reflect family conflict and disrupted communication (De Los Reyes et al, 2012; De Los Reyes, Goodman, Kliewer, & Reid-Quiñones, 2008; Gaylord, Kitzmann, & Lockwood, 2003; Grills & Ollendick, 2002; Guion, Mrug, & Windle, 2009). Discrepancies for youth stressors may similarly reveal important information about the target adolescent.…”

Section: Agreement Discrepancies and Predictive Utilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Parent and Adolescent Agreement for Reports of Life Stressors

Kushner

Tackett

2016

Assessment

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In this article, we investigated the extent and nature of informant discrepancies on parent- and adolescent self-report versions of a checklist measuring youth exposure to life stressors. Specifically, we examined (a) mean-level differences, relative consistency, and consensus for family-level and youth-specific stressors and (b) the utility of parent-youth discrepancies in accounting for variance in youth temperament and psychopathology. Participants were 106 parent-child dyads (47 male, 59 female; 90.6% mothers) aged 13 to 18 years old ( M = 16.01, SD = 1.29). The results revealed evidence for both congruence and divergence in parent and youth reports, particularly with respect to respondents' accounts of youth-specific stressors. Discrepancies for youth-specific stressors were associated with adolescents' negative affectivity, surgency, effortful control, and internalizing problems. Discrepancies for youth stressors may therefore reveal individual differences in emotionality and self-regulation, thus reflecting meaningful variance in adolescents' functioning.

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Family‐level coparenting processes and child gender as moderators of family stress and toddler adjustment

Kolak

Vernon–Feagans

2008

Infant and Child Development

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The goal of this multi-method study was to examine how child gender and coparenting processes influence associations between family stress and toddlers' social adjustment. The participants, 104 dual-earner couples and their 2-year-old children, were videotaped in their home during a freeplay activity. Mothers and fathers completed questionnaires about stress in their roles as partners, workers, and parents and their child's social-emotional adjustment. Consistent with previous research, higher levels of family stress were associated with poorer adjustment for children. Family harmony, represented by warmth and cooperation, was significantly associated with fewer internalizing problems for children even when family stress was considered. Conversely, coparental banter or 'playful humour' between parents moderated the nature of the association between family stress and children's adjustment. Banter between parents was especially protective for girls suggesting that, even in families with toddler-aged children, gender plays an important role in family-level coparenting processes. Future research needs to consider more fully the impact that child characteristics, such as gender, have on the interplay between the family context and children's development.

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Child Characteristics as Moderators of the Association Between Family Stress and Children's Internalizing, Externalizing, and Peer Rejection

Cited by 14 publications

References 36 publications

Thin slices of child personality: Perceptual, situational, and behavioral contributions.

Thin slices of child personality: Perceptual, situational, and behavioral contributions.

Parent and Adolescent Agreement for Reports of Life Stressors

Family‐level coparenting processes and child gender as moderators of family stress and toddler adjustment

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