Chicxulub Asteroid Impact

Urrutia‐Fucugauchi, J.; Pérez‐Cruz, Ligia

doi:10.1002/9781119157052.ch8

Cited by 3 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 107 publications

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“…The K/Pg impact site at Chicxulub was made up of a complex stratigraphic structure some ~3 km in thickness, composed of carbonates and sulfur‐rich minerals overlaying a Mesozoic sedimentary sequence and a lower Pan‐African‐age crystalline basement; however, there is a lack of evidence of waste from sulfur minerals in impact breccias . The breccias were affected by hydrothermal alteration as a result of the long‐lived high‐temperature system; this could affect sulfur minerals, and its effects need to be further evaluated. In general, the proposal that the Chicxulub impact caused the volatilization of anhydrites and carbonates with catastrophic consequences for terrestrial ecosystems is consistent with the observations .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The breccias were affected by hydrothermal alteration as a result of the long‐lived high‐temperature system; this could affect sulfur minerals, and its effects need to be further evaluated. In general, the proposal that the Chicxulub impact caused the volatilization of anhydrites and carbonates with catastrophic consequences for terrestrial ecosystems is consistent with the observations . The results of our analysis by PDXR and PIXE points too to the absence of these minerals in the proximal ejecta deposit of El Guayal.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Combined PIXE and X‐ray diffraction analysis of accretionary lapilli from the Cretaceous/Paleogene boundary El Guayal Section, Tabasco, Mexico

et al. 2015

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a By employing the techniques, X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) and particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE), it could be obtained in a simply way an overall vision of the structure and chemical composition of a spheroid (lapillus) collected in the K/Pg deposit located at the place called El Guayal in Tabasco, Mexico. The XRPD analysis indicates the presence of an amorphous and four crystalline phases (quartz, calcite, ankerite, and montmorillonite) in the spheroid. None sulfur crystalline phases were detected. PIXE results show the presence of different atoms in a weight percentage that follows the sequence:None of platinum group elements were detected.PIXE analysis by of the lapillus shows the presence of the most abundant atoms in the Earth's crust, but in this case, the relative abundance Fe-Ca is inverted, and the Sr/Rb proportion is considerably higher than that observed in the crust. Additionally, nor sulfur or any of the platinum group elements was detected in the lapillus. Except for the case of trace elements detected, in general, no characteristic pattern is observed in the distribution of the most abundant elements.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined PIXE and X‐ray diffraction analysis of accretionary lapilli from the Cretaceous/Paleogene boundary El Guayal Section, Tabasco, Mexico

et al. 2015

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“…The exhibits on the Chicxulub structure introduce the crater and impact effects. The large multi-ring crater is the best preserved of the three large impact structures in the terrestrial record, being a laboratory for investigating impact dynamics, crater formation and planetary surface evolution (Melosh, 1989;Urrutia-Fucugauchi and Perez-Cruz, 2009). The structure is located half on land and half offshore, with the geometric centre at Chicxulub Puerto on the coastline.…”

Section: Science Museummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subsequent drilling programmes incorporated continuous core recovery and geophysical logging (Fig. 4; Urrutia-Fucugauchi et al, 2004, 2008, with tens of thousands of core samples distributed to groups in different countries, which has allowed the research on the crater and K-Pg boundary to be expanded.…”

Section: Ciras Research Areasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies investigate impact effects on climate and lifesupport systems (Alvarez et al, 1980;Schulte et al, 2010;Urrutia-Fucugauchi and Perez-Cruz, 2016;Lowery et al, 2018), with recent ones shedding light on factors determining the likelihood of taxa becoming extinct as in the case of arboreal birds after forests disappeared (Field et al, 2018). Mass extinction was followed by radiations in numerous taxa including mammals (Dos Reis et al, 2012), worm lizards (Longrich et al, 2015) and birds (Field et al, 2018).…”

Section: Ciras Research Areasmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chicxulub museum, geosciences in Mexico, outreach and science communication – built from the crater up

2021

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Abstract. The Chicxulub science museum is special, in that it is built around an event in geological time representing a turning point in the planet's history and which brings together the Earth system components. Studies on the Chicxulub impact, mass extinction and Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary provide an engaging context for effective geoscience communication, outreach and education. The museum is part of a research complex in Yucatán Science and Technology Park in Mexico. Natural history museums with research components allow for the integration of up-to-date advances, expanding their usefulness and capabilities. The impact ranks among the major single events shaping Earth's history, triggering global climatic change and wiping out ∼76 % of species. The ∼200 km Chicxulub crater is the best preserved of three large terrestrial multi-ring impact structures, being a natural laboratory for investigating impact dynamics, crater formation and planetary evolution. The initiative builds on the interest that this geological site has for visitors, scholars and students by developing wide-reaching projects, a collaboration network and academic activities. The Chicxulub complex serves as a hub for multi- and interdisciplinary projects on the Earth and planetary sciences, climate change and life evolution, fulfilling a recognized task for communication of geosciences. After decades of studies, the Chicxulub impact remains under intense scrutiny, and this programme with the core facilities built inside the crater will be a major player.

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Numerical Modeling of an Asteroid Impact on Earth: Matching Field Observations at the Chicxulub Crater Using the Distinct Element Method (DEM)

Duong¹,

Hernawan

Medina-Cetina

et al. 2023

Geosciences

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In recent years, an international consortium of research organizations conducted investigations at the Chicxulub Crater in Yucatan, Mexico, to better understand the crater’s formation mechanisms and the effects produced by the impact of the asteroid that is hypothesized to have caused one of the major life extinctions on Earth. This study aims to reproduce the asteroid’s impact mechanics by matching computer simulations obtained with the use of the distinct element method (DEM) against the latest topographic data observed across the crater footprint. A 2D model was formulated using ITASCA’s PFC2D software to reproduce the asteroid’s impact on Earth. The model ground conditions prior to impact were replicated based on available geological and geophysical field information. Also, the proposed DEM model configuration was designed to reproduce a far-field effect to ascertain the energy dissipation of the asteroid’s impact at the model’s boundaries. Impact conditions of the asteroid were defined based on previous asteroid impact investigations. A parametric analysis including the asteroid’s impact angle and the asteroid’s impact velocity was conducted to assess their influence on the crater formation process. Results of the simulations included the final crater topography and stratigraphy, stress profiles, contact force chains, and velocity fields. Numerical simulations showed that both the asteroid velocity and impact inclination play a major role in the crater formation process, and that the use of DEM provides interesting insights into impact crater formation.

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Chicxulub Asteroid Impact

Cited by 3 publications

References 107 publications

Combined PIXE and X‐ray diffraction analysis of accretionary lapilli from the Cretaceous/Paleogene boundary El Guayal Section, Tabasco, Mexico

Combined PIXE and X‐ray diffraction analysis of accretionary lapilli from the Cretaceous/Paleogene boundary El Guayal Section, Tabasco, Mexico

Chicxulub museum, geosciences in Mexico, outreach and science communication – built from the crater up

Numerical Modeling of an Asteroid Impact on Earth: Matching Field Observations at the Chicxulub Crater Using the Distinct Element Method (DEM)

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