Chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) as a food ingredient – Nutritional composition, bioactivity, safety, and health claims: A review

Perović, Jelena; Šaponjac, Vesna Tumbas; Kojić, Jovana; Krulj, Jelena; Moreno, Diego A.; García‐Viguera, Cristina; Bodroža‐Solarov, Marija; Ilić, Nebojša

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127676

Cited by 116 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 105 publications

(133 reference statements)

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“…Other studies reveal that cichoric acid is the most abundant compound in chicory from the Chioggia region (0.33-0.61 mg cichoric acid/g d.w.) and from the Treviso region (1.40-1.53 mg cichoric acid/g d.w.) respectively, representing between 10-15% of the total polyphenols content [8]. Comparable results were also obtained on 70% ethanol extracts of aerial parts of C. intybus with a range of concentrations between 0.87-6.14 mg/g dry plant [45,46]. Dalar et al reported quantities of 16.2 mg/g cichoric acid in 80% ethanol extracts of C. intybus leaves [39].…”

Section: Hplc-uv-ms (High-performance Liquid Chromatography-ultraviolet-mass Spectrophotometer)separationmentioning

confidence: 87%

Phytochemical Profile, Antioxidant, Cardioprotective and Nephroprotective Activity of Romanian Chicory Extract

Epure

Pârvu

Vlase

et al. 2020

Plants

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The present study analyzed the methanol extract and tincture obtained from the spontaneous Romanian Cichorium intybus species, in order to evaluate polyphenols content and some biological properties. Chromatographic and spectrophotometric methods were used for the analysis of polyphenols and the antioxidant capacity was assessed in vitro with DPPH● (2,2-diphenyl-picrylhydrazil) and FRAP (ferric-reducing antioxidant power) tests. The cardio-protective effects of Cichorii herba tincture on myocardial ischemia induced by isoprenaline and nephroprotection on renal failure induced by gentamicin were evaluated on rats. Also, aspartate aminotrasferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) and creatinine clearance (CrCl) were measured. The antioxidant effect was evaluated by determining total oxidative stress (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondyaldehide (MDA), total thiols (SH) and total nitrites and nitrates (NOx). Cichoric acid was the main polyphenolic compound. The extracts had moderate in vitro antioxidant activity but the in vivo antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects were significant and associated with myocardial and renal dysfunction improvement. The results were attributed to the content of polyphenols in the extracts, for which reason C. intybus may be considered an important raw material for pharmaceuticals formulations recommended in the prevention or treatment of heart or kidney diseases.

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Section: Hplc-uv-ms (High-performance Liquid Chromatography-ultraviolet-mass Spectrophotometer)separationmentioning

confidence: 87%

Phytochemical Profile, Antioxidant, Cardioprotective and Nephroprotective Activity of Romanian Chicory Extract

Epure

Pârvu

Vlase

et al. 2020

Plants

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“…Several bioactivities have been previously associated with SLs, for instance, those that are antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antiparasitic [ 3 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ]. The most relevant SLs previously identified in chicory roots [ 13 , 14 , 15 ] include lactucin, lactucopicrin, 11β-13-dihydrolactucin, 11β-13-dihydrolactucopicrin, and 8-deoxylactucin [ 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supercritical CO2 Extraction as a Tool to Isolate Anti-Inflammatory Sesquiterpene Lactones from Cichorium intybus L. Roots

et al. 2021

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Cichorium intybus L. or chicory plants are a natural source of health-promoting compounds in the form of supplements such as inulin, as well as other bioactive compounds such as sesquiterpene lactones (SLs). After inulin extraction, chicory roots are considered waste, with most SLs not being harnessed. We developed and optimized a new strategy for SL extraction that can contribute to the conversion of chicory root waste into valuable products to be used in human health-promoting applications. In our work, rich fractions of SLs were recovered from chicory roots using supercritical CO2. A response surface methodology was used to optimize the process parameters (pressure, temperature, flow rate, and co-solvent percentage) for the extraction performance. The best operating conditions were achieved at 350 bar, 40 °C, and 10% EtOH as a co-solvent in a 15 g/min flow rate for 120 min. The extraction with supercritical CO2 revealed to be more selective for the SLs than the conventional solid–liquid extraction with ethyl acetate. In our work, 1.68% mass and a 0.09% sesquiterpenes yield extraction were obtained, including the recovery of two sesquiterpene lactones (8-deoxylactucin and 11β,13-dihydro-8-deoxylactucin), which, to the best of our knowledge, are not commercially available. A mixture of the abovementioned compounds were tested at different concentrations for their toxic profile and anti-inflammatory potential towards a human calcineurin/NFAT orthologue pathway in a yeast model, the calcineurin/Crz1 pathway. The SFE extract obtained, rich in SLs, yielded results of inhibition of 61.74 ± 6.87% with 50 µg/mL, and the purified fraction containing 8-deoxylactucin and 11β,13-dihydro-8-deoxylactucin inhibited the activation of the reporter gene up to 53.38 ± 3.9% at 10 µg/mL. The potential activity of the purified fraction was also validated by the ability to inhibit Crz1 nuclear translocation and accumulation. These results reveal a possible exploitable green technology to recover potential anti-inflammatory compounds from chicory roots waste after inulin extraction.

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“…Hepatoprotective action of Cichorium intybus extract could be due to flavonoids or polyphenolic compounds, which have potent antioxidant activity, and protect the liver against free radical injury [28]. Cichoric acid present in leaf water extract, Flavonoids present in leaf ethanolic extract and also phytoconstituents from seed alcoholic extract such as flavonoids, saponins and their glycosides may be responsible for hepatoprotective role of chicory [29]. In this study 3 days after paracetamol injection 4 chicks (20%) died in group II whereas only 1 chick (5%) died in group III received paracetamol plus Cynara Scolymus extract and there was no mortality in control group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Hepatoprotective Activity of Cichorium Intybus and Cynara Scolymus Extracts Against Paracetamol Induced Hepatotoxicity in Broiler Chicken

Andalib¹,

Moosavian

Khazraeinia

et al. 2021

NIDOC-ASRT

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2 weeks. Cynara scolymus group: similar to paracetamol group and oral administration of Cynara scolymus as 0.1 % ethanolic extract in drinking water, for 2 weeks. The SGOT, SGPT, CPK, LDH, Uric acid, Creatinine and GGT serum levels were analyzed on 25th, 27th and 34th days of study. The mortality rates and body weight changes were measured in the end of study. Ethanolic extracts of Cichorium intybus and Cynara scolymu were found to decrease both the mortality rate and body weight loss. Also ethanolic extract of Cichorium intybus exhibited protective lowering effects of the serum enzyme levels, SGOT, GGT and CPK to a significant extent (P<0.05). In conclusion, the results showed the protective activity of Cichorium intybus and Cynara scolymus on paracetamol induced toxicity in broiler chickens. Based on the results in the present study, the ethanolic extract of Cichorium intybus showed significant better hepatoprotective effect as compare to Cynara scolymus.

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Chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) as a food ingredient – Nutritional composition, bioactivity, safety, and health claims: A review

Cited by 116 publications

References 105 publications

Phytochemical Profile, Antioxidant, Cardioprotective and Nephroprotective Activity of Romanian Chicory Extract

Phytochemical Profile, Antioxidant, Cardioprotective and Nephroprotective Activity of Romanian Chicory Extract

Supercritical CO2 Extraction as a Tool to Isolate Anti-Inflammatory Sesquiterpene Lactones from Cichorium intybus L. Roots

Comparison of Hepatoprotective Activity of Cichorium Intybus and Cynara Scolymus Extracts Against Paracetamol Induced Hepatotoxicity in Broiler Chicken

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