Chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) and dandelion (Taraxacum officinale Web.) as phytoindicators of cadmium contamination

Simon, László; Martin, H. W.; Adriano, D. C.

doi:10.1007/bf00666269

Cited by 58 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Willow plants (genus Salix) accumulated significant quantities of heavy metals in both leaves and roots, irrespective of the species. Dandelion plants (genus Taraxacum) accumulated Cu, Pb, Zn, Fe and Mn in leaves, and the obtained results are in agreement with data from literature, (Savinov et al, 2007;Simon et al, 1996). Instead, Ni and Cr present concentrations below the phytotoxicity threshold reported by Kabata-Pendias (2001); this is consistent with concentration levels recorded in the soil (Table 2).…”

Section: Heavy Metal Accumulation In Plantssupporting

confidence: 91%

Toxicity assessment of contaminated soils from a mining area in Northeast Italy by using lipid peroxidation assay

Wahsha

Bini

Fontana

et al. 2012

Journal of Geochemical Exploration

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Contamination by heavy metals in soils may strongly affect the environmental quality. Lipid peroxidation caused by heavy metals in plants was investigated as a relevant bioassay of toxicity. Soils and wild plants (dandelion and willow) were collected from an abandoned mine area in northeast Italy, and the concentration of different heavy metals (Ni, Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn, Fe and Mn) were measured and analyzed. Soils affected by mining activities presented total Zn, Cu, and Pb concentrations (2566, 3975, 20,815 mg kg −1 respectively) above toxic thresholds, and 58% for Fe. Heavy metal-induced oxidative stress was evidenced by the generation of reactive radicals, followed by an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) production up to 41.64 μM in willow leaves. We found that MDA concentration in plant tissues differed significantly among species and plant organs. The higher concentration of metal in soil corresponded with the higher concentration of MDA in the plant. The combined results of metal concentration, MDA content and translocation coefficients in plants show that the investigated plants are rather highly tolerant towards environmental pollution. This suggests that they could be useful in phytoremediation of metal contaminated sites.

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Section: Heavy Metal Accumulation In Plantssupporting

confidence: 91%

Toxicity assessment of contaminated soils from a mining area in Northeast Italy by using lipid peroxidation assay

Wahsha

Bini

Fontana

et al. 2012

Journal of Geochemical Exploration

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“…It has been shown that another species of Chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) showed a potential to be used as heavy metal bioindicator, C. intybus plants grown in nutrient solution supplemented with 0.5-50 μM cadmium showed high levels of Cd, in their shoots and roots (Simon et al, 1996). Another study (Kostantinos et al, 2008) showed that the fresh and dry weights of Cichorium endivia L. were not affected when grown on soil supplemented with different levels of Cd.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cadmium-Induced Changes in Germination, Seedlings Growth, and DNA Fingerprinting of in vitro Grown Cichorium pumilum Jacq.

Khateeb¹

2013

IJB

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The aim of this study was to assess the effect of Cd 2+ on germination, growth, proline content, lipid peroxidation, and DNA fingerprinting of in vitro grown Cichorium pumilum. Results showed that seed germination was highly inhibited by cadmium (down to 47% at 1600 µM CdCl 2 ). In addition, root and shoot growth showed significant decreases in response to CdCl 2 level. Analysis of proline content and lipid peroxidation showed that with increasing CdCl 2 levels in the growing medium, the amount of proline accumulation and lipid peroxidation increased gradually. Total chlorophyll content was found to increase only at higher tested levels of Cd 2+ (800 and 1600 µM). The results also show that Cd 2+ inhibits callus growth at different levels starting from 50 µM CdCl 2 compared with the control in the callus growth experiment. Callus growth ceased completely at 200 µM CdCl 2 and above. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis showed DNA alterations in Cd 2+ -treated C. pumilum microshoots compared with the control. The results of this experiment showed that Cd 2+ stress affects several physiological, biochemical, and molecular processes in C. pumilum.

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“…Apart from T. porrifolius, a biennial wild flower native to the Mediterranean region, the behaviour of which has not yet been studied, the literature provides interesting reports for the other species. The cosmopolitan T. officinale is recognised as an indicator of Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn [24][25][26], and C. intybus is already known for its interesting Zn and Cu above-ground accumulations, up to~150 and~20 mg¨kg´1, respectively [18,[27][28][29]. The possible high leaf Cd (~50 mg¨kg´1¨DW) also suggests its use as a Cd indicator, and the extremely high Pb (>1.1 g¨kg´1¨DW) allows it to be classified as a Pb hyperaccumulator [30].…”

Section: Plant Responses To Metal Contaminants and Perspectives For Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytoremediation Opportunities with Alimurgic Species in Metal-Contaminated Environments

et al. 2016

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Alimurgic species are edible wild plants growing spontaneously as invasive weeds in natural grassland and farmed fields. Growing interest in biodiversity conservation projects suggests deeper study of the multifunctional roles they can play in metal uptake for phytoremediation and their food safety when cultivated in polluted land. In this study, the responses of the tap-rooted perennial species Cichorium intybus L., Sonchus oleracerus L., Taraxacum officinale Web., Tragopogon porrifolius L. and Rumex acetosa L. were studied in artificially-highly Cd-Co-Cu-Pb-Zn-contaminated soil in a pot-scale trial, and those of T. officinale and R. acetosa in critical open environments (i.e., landfill, ditch sediments, and sides of highly-trafficked roads). Germination was not inhibited, and all species showed appreciable growth, despite considerable increases in tissue metal rates. Substantial growth impairments were observed in C. intybus, T. officinale and T. porrifolius; R. acetosa and S. oleracerus were only marginally affected. Zn was generally well translocated and reached a high leaf concentration, especially in T. officinale (~600 mg¨kg´1¨dry weight, DW), a result which can be exploited for phytoremediation purposes. The elevated Cd translocation also suggested applications to phytoextraction, particularly with C. intybus, in which leaf Cd reached~16 mg¨kg´1¨DW. The generally high root retention of Pb and Cu may allow their phytostabilisation in the medium-term in no-tillage systems, together with significant reductions in metal leaching compared with bare soil. In open systems, critical soil Pb and Zn were associated with heavily trafficked roadsides, although this was only seldom reflected in shoot metal accumulation. It is concluded that a community of alimurgic species can serve to establish an efficient, long-lasting vegetation cover applied for phytoremediation and reduction of soil metal movements in degraded environments. However, their food use is not recommended, since leaf Cd and Pb may exceed EU safety thresholds.

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Chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) and dandelion (Taraxacum officinale Web.) as phytoindicators of cadmium contamination

Cited by 58 publications

References 9 publications

Toxicity assessment of contaminated soils from a mining area in Northeast Italy by using lipid peroxidation assay

Toxicity assessment of contaminated soils from a mining area in Northeast Italy by using lipid peroxidation assay

Cadmium-Induced Changes in Germination, Seedlings Growth, and DNA Fingerprinting of in vitro Grown Cichorium pumilum Jacq.

Phytoremediation Opportunities with Alimurgic Species in Metal-Contaminated Environments

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