Chicken lines divergent for low or high abdominal fat deposition: a relevant model to study the regulation of energy metabolism

Baéza, Élisabeth; Bihan-Duval, Élisabeth Le

doi:10.1017/s1751731113000153

Cited by 44 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…The lean and fat lines also had contrasted growth performance. In agreement with earlier studies (see Baéza and Le Bihan-Duval, 2013 for a review), the lean line had lower ADFI and ADG between 22 and 63 days of age but an improved gain to feed ratio compared with the fat line. However, the difference in ADFI between fat and lean lines (+12%) could not totally explain the large difference in abdominal fat deposition (2.8-fold higher in the fat line compared with the lean line).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

The ability of genetically lean or fat slow-growing chickens to synthesize and store lipids is not altered by the dietary energy source

Baéza

Gondret

Chartrin

et al. 2015

Animal

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The increasing use of unconventional feedstuffs in chicken's diets results in the substitution of starch by lipids as the main dietary energy source. To evaluate the responses of genetically fat or lean chickens to these diets, males of two experimental lines divergently selected for abdominal fat content were fed isocaloric, isonitrogenous diets with either high lipid (80 g/kg), high fiber (64 g/kg) contents (HL), or low lipid (20 g/kg), low fiber (21 g/kg) contents (LL) from 22 to 63 days of age. The diet had no effect on growth performance and did not affect body composition evaluated at 63 days of age. Glycolytic and oxidative energy metabolisms in the liver and glycogen storage in liver and Sartorius muscle at 63 days of age were greater in chicken fed LL diet compared with chicken fed HL diet. In Pectoralis major (PM) muscle, energy metabolisms and glycogen content were not different between diets. There were no dietary-associated differences in lipid contents of the liver, muscles and abdominal fat. However, the percentages of saturated (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) in tissue lipids were generally higher, whereas percentages of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were lower for diet LL than for diet HL. The fat line had a greater feed intake and average daily gain, but gain to feed ratio was lower in that line compared with the lean line. Fat chickens were heavier than lean chickens at 63 days of age. Their carcass fatness was higher and their muscle yield was lower than those of lean chickens. The oxidative enzyme activities in the liver were lower in the fat line than in the lean line, but line did not affect energy metabolism in muscles. The hepatic glycogen content was not different between lines, whereas glycogen content and glycolytic potential were higher in the PM muscle of fat chickens compared with lean chickens. Lipid contents in the liver, muscles and abdominal fat did not differ between lines, but fat chickens stored less MUFA and more PUFA in abdominal fat and muscles than lean chickens. Except for the fatty acid composition of liver and abdominal fat, no interaction between line and diet was observed. In conclusion, the amount of lipids stored in muscles and fatty tissues by lean or fat chickens did not depend on the dietary energy source.Keywords: chicken, energy metabolism, fatty acid composition, lipid deposition, starch ImplicationsBroiler production is facing to an increasing incorporation (Slominski et al., 2004; Bregendhal, 2008) of unconventional feedstuffs (rapeseed meal, beet pulps, palm kernel cake and distiller's dried grains with solubles) containing more fibers in diets. To restore suitable energy content, fat may be added to fiber rich diets, so that energy source is changed from starch to lipids. Divergently selected chicken lines for body fatness are pertinent experimental models to unravel energy metabolism pathways and body composition and to test possible interactions between genetics and nutrition. Our study showed that these lines are able to use starch ...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

The ability of genetically lean or fat slow-growing chickens to synthesize and store lipids is not altered by the dietary energy source

Baéza

Gondret

Chartrin

et al. 2015

Animal

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“…Chickens have been genetically improved for increased body weight gain, feed efficiency, growth rate, and breast muscle weight to meet the requirements of consumers (Wang et al, 2012). These selection processes have produced modern commercial chicken lines with a higher growth rate, breast meat yield and better feed conversion rates, and a higher body fat compared with unselected lines (Baéza and Le Bihan-Duval, 2013). However, the excessive fat in modern poultry strains has been one of the major problems facing the poultry industry (Zhou et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional Factors Affecting Abdominal Fat Deposition in Poultry: A Review

Fouad¹,

El-Senousey²

2014

Asian Australas. J. Anim. Sci

210

147

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The major goals of the poultry industry are to increase the carcass yield and to reduce carcass fatness, mainly the abdominal fat pad. The increase in poultry meat consumption has guided the selection process toward fast-growing broilers with a reduced feed conversion ratio. Intensive selection has led to great improvements in economic traits such as body weight gain, feed efficiency, and breast yield to meet the demands of consumers, but modern commercial chickens exhibit excessive fat accumulation in the abdomen area. However, dietary composition and feeding strategies may offer practical and efficient solutions for reducing body fat deposition in modern poultry strains. Thus, the regulation of lipid metabolism to reduce the abdominal fat content based on dietary composition and feeding strategy, as well as elucidating their effects on the key enzymes associated with lipid metabolism, could facilitate the production of lean meat and help to understand the fat-lowering effects of diet and different feeding strategies.

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“…Daily gain and feed conversion have been improved considerably; however, in commercial flocks, the improved productive performance is accompanied by high percentages of body fat content and some other negative effects that bring huge economic losses to the broiler industry [1]. Controlling fat deposition has been one of the major goals in the broiler breeding industry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative proteome analysis of abdominal adipose tissues between fat and lean broilers

Liu

Wang

et al. 2016

Proteome Sci

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BackgroundThe molecular mechanism underlying broiler fat deposition is still poorly understood.MethodCurrently, we used two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE) to identify differentially expressed proteins in abdominal adipose tissues of birds at 4 week of age derived from Northeast Agricultural University broiler lines divergently selected for abdominal fat content (NEAUHLF).ResultsThirteen differentially expressed protein spots were screened out and identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). The protein spots were matched to thirteen proteins by searching against the NCBInr database. These identified proteins were apolipoprotein A-I (Apo A-I), cytokeratin otokeratin, ATP synthase subunit alpha, peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase FKBP4 (PPIase FKBP4), aspartate aminotransferase, carbonic anhydrase II (CA-II), prostaglandin-H2 D-isomerase precursor, fibrinogen alpha chain, lamin-A (LMNA), superoxide dismutase [Mn] (MnSOD), heat shock protein beta-1 (HSPβ1) and two predicted proteins. These differentially expressed proteins are involved mainly in lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, signal transduction, energy conversion, antioxidant, and cytoskeleton. Differential expression of Apo A-I, PPIase FKBP4, and cytokeratin otokeratin proteins were further confirmed by Western blot analysis. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR analyses showed that, of these 13 differentially expressed proteins, only PPIase FKBP4 and cytokeratin otokeratin were differentially expressed at mRNA level between the two lines.ConclusionsOur results have provided further information for understanding the basic genetics control of growth and development of broiler adipose tissue.

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Chicken lines divergent for low or high abdominal fat deposition: a relevant model to study the regulation of energy metabolism

Cited by 44 publications

References 59 publications

The ability of genetically lean or fat slow-growing chickens to synthesize and store lipids is not altered by the dietary energy source

The ability of genetically lean or fat slow-growing chickens to synthesize and store lipids is not altered by the dietary energy source

Nutritional Factors Affecting Abdominal Fat Deposition in Poultry: A Review

Comparative proteome analysis of abdominal adipose tissues between fat and lean broilers

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