Chicken intestinal microbiota function with a special emphasis on the role of probiotic bacteria

Cisek, Agata Anna; Binek, M.

doi:10.2478/pjvs-2014-0057

Cited by 78 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Furthermore, we detected greater ileal villi size in the F 4 group. This is closely related to tissue turnover in the crypt region and could be induced, before bacterin immunization, through different bioactive molecules after the interaction between epithelial cells, microbiota, and immunological cells, to conserve mucosal homeostasis (11, 13, 14, 34, 35). Moreover, this increased number of lymphocytes inside the lamina propria of the ileum villi in the F 4 group was consistent with the increased number of plasmatic cells registered between epithelial cells near the top of the villi (data not shown).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut-Associated Lymphoid Tissue: A Key Tissue Inside the Mucosal Immune System of Hens Immunized with Escherichia coli F4

et al. 2017

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Immunoglobulin Y (IgY) is the predominant antibody found in hen’s (Gallus domesticus) egg yolk. This antibody, developed against several microorganisms in hen egg yolk, has been successfully used as an alternative to immunoglobulins from mammals for use in immunodiagnostics and immunotherapy. Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (E.coli) F4 is the main etiological agent associated with swine neonatal diarrhea, and it causes notable economic losses in swine production. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between humoral immune response and the activation of gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) in laying hens intramuscularly immunized with E. coli F4. Adult laying Shaver hens were immunized with a bacterin based on an inactivated lysate E. coli F4 strain that was originally isolated from neonatal piglet diarrhea, following a recommended schedule. The percentage of B lymphocytes in blood and spleen homogenates was determined by flow cytometry. Villi histomorphometry and the size of germinal centers (GC) activated in GALT and the spleen were measured in histological samples either stained with hematoxylin/eosin or through immunofluorescence. Antibody and isotype-specific antibodies in serum and egg yolk were measured using indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Secretory and serum immunoglobulin A (IgA) were measured by ELISA tests. Laying hen with intramuscular immunization with E. coli F4 lysate, activated both mucosal and systemic protection. Mucosal protection was provided through B lymphocytes, and most of them were activated on Peyer’s patches and esophageal tonsils, in GALT. Furthermore, increased B lymphocyte number in the lamina propria of the gut, and increased intraepithelial plasmatic cell number, produced high levels of mucosal IgA. Activated B lymphocytes interacted with absorptive cells, immune cells, and microbiota in the gut, producing signals that were translated into a powerful physical defense by producing a greater volume of mucin from an increased number of goblet cells. Systemic protection was provided through B lymphocyte activation of spleen GC, which produced hugely specific IgY serum levels. One week later, this specific IgY was deposited in the yolk. This suggests that GALT is a key immunologic tissue inside the mucosal immune system, acting as the “command center” for humoral reaction.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut-Associated Lymphoid Tissue: A Key Tissue Inside the Mucosal Immune System of Hens Immunized with Escherichia coli F4

et al. 2017

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“…i Clostridium difficile (41). Do listy przeciwbakteryjnych produktów jelitowej mikrobiota i bakterii probiotycznych należy również dodać utleniający czynnik, jakim jest H 2 O 2 , niewrażliwe na ogrzewanie i proteazy substancje bakteriocynopodobne i inne bliżej nieokreślone substancje (9,17).…”

Section: Kompetycyjne Wykluczanieunclassified

Mechanisms of maintenance of intestinal homeostasis by autochthonic microbiota and probiotics

Binek¹,

Kizerwetter-Świda²,

Cisek³

et al. 2016

Medycyna Weterynaryjna

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Intestinal microbes are taxonomically diverse and constitute an ecologically dynamic microbiom interactively performing various physiological and physiopathological processes. It has been proposed that normal intestinal microbiotas play a critical role in the host’s metabolic homeostasis and immune tolerance. The modulation of intestinal microbiota populations by prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics may be beneficial for the host’s health. Under certain conditions, the intestinal microbiota and the host’s homeostasis can be restored by introducing bacteria that co-mediate anti-inflammatory responses. Commensal microbes and probiotics exert their beneficial effect by at least three mechanisms. These include - the maintenance of the epithelial barrier function and the attenuation of changes in intestinal permeability through effects on tight junction, decreasing paracellular permeability, providing innate defense against pathogens, and enhancing the physical impediment of the mucous layer, - competitive exclusion by the application of probiotic bacteria stabilizing the indigenous microflora, - immunomodulatory capacity, affecting a variety of signaling pathways with modulation of proper immune, inflammatory and allergic responses. The epithelial gut barrier faces important challenges, since its function is to prevent pathogens and harmful elements of the gut lumen from penetrating into the internal environment. Competitive exclusion treatment can increase resistance to pathogen colonization and control intestinal disturbance. The dominance of symbiotic and probiotic bacteria among the gut microbiota favors a tolerogenic immune response. The release of secretory IgA stabilizes tight junctions between cells of the epithelial layer as well as hampers pathogens and symbionts invading deeper layers. The understanding of these vital processes may help to protect the host against infection, prevent chronic inflammation, and maintain mucosal integrity.

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“…Campylobacteriosis is the most commonly reported zoonosis (EFSA 2015). To reduce human infections with Campylobacters, it is necessary to reduce the colonization in the chickens (Cisek and Binek 2014). Modern broiler rearing has taken attention to natural substances which can help them maintain healthy status of fowls.…”

Section: Doi: 1017221/12/2017-cjasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, farmers, breeders have been looking for probiotic microbiota. In poultry breeding probiotic strains of the genus Lactobacillus are commercially mostly used (Cisek and Binek 2014); Bacillus spp. are also frequently used (Novak et al 2011); at recent time representatives of the genus Enterococcus have also been reported especially in relation with immunological parameters (Stasova et al 2015;Karaffova et al 2017).…”

Section: Doi: 1017221/12/2017-cjasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pilot experiment in chickens challenged with Campylobacter jejuni CCM6191 administered enterocin M-producing probiotic strain Enterococcus faecium CCM8558 to check its protective effect

Lauková¹,

Simonová²,

Kubašová³

et al. 2017

CZECH J ANIM SCI

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Laukova A., Pogany Simonova M., Kubasova I., Gancarcikova S., Placha I., Scerbova J., Revajova V., Herich R., Levkut Sn. M., Strompfova V. (2017): Pilot experiment in chickens challenged with Campylobacter jejuni CCM6191 administered enterocin M-producing probiotic strain Enterococcus faecium CCM8558 to check its protective effect. Czech J. Anim. Sci., 62, 491-500.Campylobacter jejuni is one of the most common food-borne pathogens and chickens are the main source of these bacteria. Enterococcus faecium AL41, enterocin M-producing strain (deponed to the Czech Culture Collection of Microorganisms, Brno, Czech Republic -CCM8558) is our isolate previously applied e.g. in broiler rabbits with beneficial effect. In this study it was used in a 11-day experiment with chickens (1-day-old, breed Cobb 500, n = 40) challenged with C. jejuni. Birds had free access to feed and water; they were randomly divided into four groups per 10 chicks each: control (CG), E. faecium CCM8558 (EG1), CCM8558 + C. jejuni CCM6191 (EG2), CCM6191 (EG3). E. faecium CCM8558 (10 9 CFU/ml, 200 µl) in Ringer solution was administered daily per os to EG1 and EG2 for 7 days (from day 0-1). EG3 and EG2 were infected individually per os (day 4, CCM6191, 10 8 CFU/ml in Ringer solution, 200 µl). For microbiota evaluation, faecal mixtures (n = 5) were sampled on day 0-1 (1 st sampling), on day 7 (2 nd sampling), and on day 11 (3 rd sampling) (day 7 of CCM8558 application, day 4 post-infection; day 4 of CCM8558 cessation, day 7 post-infection). Five birds from each group were sacrificed. CCM8558 sufficiently colonized chickens. In faeces of EG2 a tendency to reduce Campylobacter spp. (day 7 of application, day 4 of infection) was noted compared to EG2 (day 11, day 4 of cessation, day 7 postinfection; difference 1.21 log cycles), while in EG3 CCM6191 strain was not reduced. Phagocytic activity (PA) values were significantly higher in infected groups compared to CG and EG1. A significant increase in PA was also noted in EG2 and EG3 at the end of experiment compared to CG or EG1. The strain additive did not evoke oxidative stress. Biochemical parameters were influenced to the reference levels.

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Chicken intestinal microbiota function with a special emphasis on the role of probiotic bacteria

Cited by 78 publications

References 69 publications

Gut-Associated Lymphoid Tissue: A Key Tissue Inside the Mucosal Immune System of Hens Immunized with Escherichia coli F4

Gut-Associated Lymphoid Tissue: A Key Tissue Inside the Mucosal Immune System of Hens Immunized with Escherichia coli F4

Mechanisms of maintenance of intestinal homeostasis by autochthonic microbiota and probiotics

Pilot experiment in chickens challenged with Campylobacter jejuni CCM6191 administered enterocin M-producing probiotic strain Enterococcus faecium CCM8558 to check its protective effect

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