2012
DOI: 10.1021/ol3024117
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Chichibabin-Type Direct Alkylation of Pyridyl Alcohols with Alkyl Lithium Reagents

Abstract: Direct C(6) alkylation of pyridyl alcohols can be achieved following an initial deprotonation of the hydroxy group. This transformation, which is believed to occur by a Chichibabin-type alkylation, avoids lateral deprotonation prior to pyridine ring alkylation and gives increased regioselectivity for C(6) over C(4) alkylation.

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Cited by 30 publications
(11 citation statements)
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References 41 publications
(23 reference statements)
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“…Apart from preparation of pyridines 5a-e and imidazoles 7 from acyclic precursors, methods relying upon direct replacement of a hydrogen atom in the ring are valuable since they avoid the necessity of preparation of pre-functionalized substrates. The most important ones include transition metal-catalyzed C-H activation reactions 8 of both azoles 9 and azines, 10 nucleophilic substitution of hydrogen in unactivated azines 11,12 or N-activated substrates, 2 selective lithiation, 13 Chichibabin-type reactions, 14 radical substitution, 15 as well as a recently developed nucleophilic functionalization of pyridines via their transformation to reactive 2-fluoropyridines with silver(II) fluoride. 5g N-Oxides of nitrogen heterocycles are useful synthetic intermediates 16 and are readily available for both 5-and 6-membered heterocyclic systems.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Apart from preparation of pyridines 5a-e and imidazoles 7 from acyclic precursors, methods relying upon direct replacement of a hydrogen atom in the ring are valuable since they avoid the necessity of preparation of pre-functionalized substrates. The most important ones include transition metal-catalyzed C-H activation reactions 8 of both azoles 9 and azines, 10 nucleophilic substitution of hydrogen in unactivated azines 11,12 or N-activated substrates, 2 selective lithiation, 13 Chichibabin-type reactions, 14 radical substitution, 15 as well as a recently developed nucleophilic functionalization of pyridines via their transformation to reactive 2-fluoropyridines with silver(II) fluoride. 5g N-Oxides of nitrogen heterocycles are useful synthetic intermediates 16 and are readily available for both 5-and 6-membered heterocyclic systems.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The ideal C-H methylation of arenes is both direct (one-step) and, crucially, site-selective, a facet often lacking in radical approaches which often present undesirable regioselectivities. Until recently, a lone two-electron example had been reported by Sarpong, 149 enabling direct C6 methylation of a pyridyl alcohol with MeLi. However, in 2020 Baik & Cho succeeded in developing a reliable protocol to overcome the energy barriers associated with unactivated azine C-H methylation.…”
Section: C-h Methylation Of Electron Deficient N-heteroarenesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[1] Bisher wurden weitestgehend übergangsmetallkatalysierte Kreuzkupplungsmethoden für die Funktionalisierung von Pyridinen angewendet. Kürzlich berichteten wir, dass 3-substituierte Pyridine des Typs 1 eine BF 3 -vermittelte [4] oxidative Kreuzkupplung [5,6] in Position 4 mit verschiedenen Alkyl-und Arylmagnesiumoder Alkyl-und Arylzinkreagentien eingehen und über ein Intermediat des Typs 2 zu 3,4-disubstituierten Pyridinen des Typs 3 führen (Schema 1). Kürzlich berichteten wir, dass 3-substituierte Pyridine des Typs 1 eine BF 3 -vermittelte [4] oxidative Kreuzkupplung [5,6] in Position 4 mit verschiedenen Alkyl-und Arylmagnesiumoder Alkyl-und Arylzinkreagentien eingehen und über ein Intermediat des Typs 2 zu 3,4-disubstituierten Pyridinen des Typs 3 führen (Schema 1).…”
Section: Die Funktionalisierung Des Pyridingerüsts Ist Eine Wichtigeunclassified
“…[2,3] Der Einsatz von Pd-oder Ni-Katalyse hat jedoch auch Nachteile, wie die Toxizität oder der Preis des Metalls sowie die Notwendigkeit eines Liganden. Kürzlich berichteten wir, dass 3-substituierte Pyridine des Typs 1 eine BF 3 -vermittelte [4] oxidative Kreuzkupplung [5,6] in Position 4 mit verschiedenen Alkyl-und Arylmagnesiumoder Alkyl-und Arylzinkreagentien eingehen und über ein Intermediat des Typs 2 zu 3,4-disubstituierten Pyridinen des Typs 3 führen (Schema 1). [7] Diese Reaktionen sind bemerkenswert regioselektiv und verlaufen beinahe nur in Position 4.…”
Section: Die Funktionalisierung Des Pyridingerüsts Ist Eine Wichtigeunclassified