“…National discourses also reassemble the discourses ''found in the traditions, collective memories and histories of a 'people''' in order to create a new formation, often perpetuating unequal power relations between the dominated and the subjugated (Hasian & Flores, 1997, p. 92). For example, Delgado's (1995) study demonstrated how Chicano nationalism was constituted from the articulation of Mexican, Chicano, and North American cultural forms and ideologies, while Halualani's (2002) analysis of Hawaiian identity revealed how the state apparatus codified the Aloha spirit into civil discourse and the ideology of multiculturalism by overriding differences among peoples. Mendoza's (2002) work deconstructed identity formation among Americanborn Filipinos and found that they empowered themselves by (re)constructing memories of the homeland as they grappled with a sense of place in a host culture.…”