“…Demographic questions included open fields for age, gender, preferred pronouns, and languages spoken other than English. Racial and ethnic groups were measured using REALD ( McGee, 2020 ) and up-coded to NIH inclusion report categories, consistent with measurement approaches for inclusive demographics ( Mekinda et al, 2022 ). Historically underrepresented populations in biomedical sciences were defined using NIH diversity criteria for characterizing underrepresented racial and ethnic groups ( National Institutes of Health, 2019 ), including Blacks or African Americans, Hispanics or Latinos, American Indians or Alaska Natives, and Native Hawaiians or other Pacific Islanders).…”