Chia Seed Oil Ameliorates Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Female Wistar Rats: An Electrocardiographic, Biochemical and Histopathological Approach

Abstract

Doxorubicin (DOX) is a potent anti-cancer antibiotic that was widely used for treatment of various cancers. It produces free radicals which result in extreme dose-limiting cardiotoxicity. This study investigated the cardioprotective potential of chia seed oil, an active polyphenolic nutraceutical against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in Wistar rats. Twenty-four female Wistar rats were divided into four groups (n = 6) which consist of normal control, DOX control, test-A and test-B group. Animals were prophylactically treated with two different doses of test drug, i.e. chia seed oil 2.5 ml/kg/day and 5 ml/kg/day in test-A and test-B groups orally for 7 days. Doxorubicin (25 mg/kg; single dose) was administered intraperitoneally to DOX control, Test-A and Test-B animals on the seventh day to induce cardiotoxicity. ECG analysis was done before and after treatment. Besides ECG, CK, CK-MB, LDH, AST, MDA and GSH were analyzed. DOX had significantly altered ECG, CK, CK-MB, LDH, AST, MDA and GSH. Pre-treatment with chia seed oil significantly alleviated DOX-induced ECG changes and also guarded against DOX-induced rise of serum CK, CK-MB and AST levels. Chia seed oil alleviated histopathological alteration in DOX-treated rats. It also significantly inhibited DOX-induced GSH depletion and elevation of MDA. The present study revealed that chia seed oil exerts cardioprotection against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in female Wistar rats. Our study opens the perspective to clinical studies to precisely consider chia seed oil as a potential chemoprotectant nutraceutical in the combination chemotherapy with doxorubicin to limit its cardiotoxicity.

Combination of Panax ginseng C. A. Mey and Febuxostat Boasted Cardioprotective Effects Against Doxorubicin-Induced Acute Cardiotoxicity in Rats

“…Regarding the effect on oxidative stress, DOX showed a significant decline in the endogenous antioxidant capacity, as evident by a significant reduction in GP serum levels and a remarkable increase in MDA levels, confirming the wellknown hypothesis that free radicals play a significant role in DOX-induced cardiotoxicity, and these results were in line with previous reports (Gammella et al, 2014;Lenihan, 2014;Nebigil and Désaubry, 2018). Moreover, the pretreatment with febuxostat led to a significant increase in GP levels and a substantial decrease in MDA serum, coinciding with different studies (Shim et al, 2017;Ahmed et al, 2021).…”

Transplantation of umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells as therapy for adriamycin induced-cardiomyopathy

“…AST, LDH, CK, and CK-MB are essential serum cardiac biomarkers evaluating myocardial injury [ 30 ]. It has been reported that the serum levels of AST, LDH, CK, and CK-MB raise in ADR-induced cardiomyopathy, which is in line with our results [ 31 ]. HE and Masson staining also showed severe cardiac injury and collagen deposition in myocadiac tissues of ADR-induced cardiomyopathy rats.…”

Rutaecarpine Inhibits Doxorubicin-Induced Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis by Activating AKT Signaling Pathway

“…Nrf-2 is an essential antioxidative gene that inhibits oxidative stress via upregulation of the intracellular antioxidant enzymes such as HO-1 and GCLM, which promote glutathione (GSH) generation ( 7 ). Increased GSH would scavenge the excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) in DOX-treated cardiomyocytes and inhibit various forms of cell death including apoptosis and necroptosis ( 8 , 9 ). The activation of PI3K/AKT is noteworthy as it was able to increase Nrf-2 and GCLM expression in the heart of DOX-treated mice ( 10 , 11 ).…”