Chewing and spitting out food as a compensatory behavior in patients with eating disorders

Song, Youn Joo; Lee, Jung-Hyun; Jung, Young‐Chul

doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2015.07.010

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…As shown in Table 3, one cross-sectional study by Song et al ( N = 359) [34], found that 24.5 % of participants with EDs and with CHSP had more pathological eating behaviours, higher levels of food craving, more concerns regarding body shape, and higher levels of mood and anxiety related symptoms [34]. CHSP was found to be trans-diagnostic (occurring in AN, BN, and EDNOS diagnosed individuals), associated with more pathological compensatory behaviours, and correlated with greater ED severity [27].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the exception of diuretic and laxative misuse, the disordered behaviours of binge eating and dietary restriction were very common (ranging over 70 %) in people with lifetime or current CHSP [32, 34, 36, 38]. Both Durkin et al [35] and Guarda et al [32] reported that CHSP appears to be more common in younger individuals with eating disorders.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As ED illness severity increases, individuals may experiment with more ED behaviours such as CHSP. CHSP may serve as a way to taste ‘forbidden’ or feared food, and it is possible that CHSP ‘binging’ may develop as a substitute for regular binging and purging even if the associated risks with the behaviour appear elevated [32, 34, 36, 39]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One possible reason for this is that CHSP crosses ED diagnostic boundaries. Studies included in this systematic review indicate that CHSP is likely to be a trans-diagnostic behaviour [34, 36, 38]. Therefore, it is the recommendation of the authors of the present systematic review that clinicians consider inquiring about CHSP in all people presenting with an ED (or disordered eating).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chew and Spit (CHSP): a systematic review

et al. 2016

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BackgroundThis systematic review is an evaluation of the empirical literature relating to the disordered eating behaviour Chew and Spit (CHSP). Current theories postulate that CHSP is a symptom exhibited by individuals with recurrent binge eating and Bulimia Nervosa.AimsThe review aimed to identify and critically assess studies that have examined the distribution of CHSP behaviour, its relationship to eating disorders, its physical and psychosocial consequences and treatment.MethodsA systematic database search with broad inclusion criteria, dated to January 2016 was conducted. Data were extracted by two authors and papers appraised for quality using a modified Downs and Black Quality Index.ResultsNine studies met the inclusion criteria. All were of clinical samples and majority (n = 7) were of low quality. The pathological action of chewing food but not swallowing was reported more often in those with restrictive type eating disorders, such as Anorexia Nervosa, than binge eating type disorders. CHSP also was reported to be an indicator of overall severity of an eating disorder and to appear more often in younger individuals. No studies of treatment were found.ConclusionsConclusions were limited due to the low quality and small numbers of studies based on clinical samples only. Further research is needed to address gaps in knowledge regarding the physiological, psychological, social, socioeconomic impact and treatment for those engaging in CHSP.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chew and Spit (CHSP): a systematic review

et al. 2016

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“…This may be due to the younger ED samples used for studies identified in the review (Aouad et al, 2016;Guarda et al, 2004;Song, Lee, & Jung, 2015). Nonetheless, as older women are less likely to admit to, and seek treatment for, ED behaviors than younger counterparts, it may be speculated that CHSP behaviors were under-reported in the general population (Aouad et al, 2016;Guarda et al, 2004;Song et al, 2015). However, in our systematic review those with CHSP were younger than the general population (Median CHSP 5 39 vs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%