Chernobyl: A Radiobiological Perspective

Goldman, Marvin

doi:10.1126/science.3672115

Cited by 27 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 2 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…(Fairlie andSumner, 2006, pp. 48-49) UNSCEAR, 1988;Goldman, 1987;Fairlie andSumner, Fairlie andSumner, 2006, p. 48 2006: Maximum levels of Cs-137 contamination were 475 Ci/km 2 in the village of Zales'ye, Braginsk District, and 500 Ci/km 2 in the village of Dovliady and the Narovlja District of Gomel Province. The maximum radioactive contamination in the soil found in 1993 in the village of Tchudyany, Mogilev District, was 5,402 kBq/m 2 or 145 Ci/km 2 , exceeding the precatastrophe level by a factor of 3,500 (Il'yazov, 2002).…”

Section: Europementioning

confidence: 97%

1. Chernobyl Contamination through Time and Space

Yablokov¹,

Nesterenko²

2009

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Radioactive contamination from the Chernobyl meltdown spread over 40% of Europe (including Austria, Finland, Sweden, Norway, Switzerland, Romania, Great Britain, Germany, Italy, France, Greece, Iceland, Slovenia) and wide territories in Asia (including Turkey, Georgia, Armenia, Emirates, China), northern Africa, and North America. Nearly 400 million people resided in territories that were contaminated with radioactivity at a level higher than 4 kBq/m(2) (0.11 Ci/km(2)) from April to July 1986. Nearly 5 million people (including, more than 1 million children) still live with dangerous levels of radioactive contamination in Belarus, Ukraine, and European Russia. Claims that the Chernobyl radioactive fallout adds "only 2%" to the global radioactive background overshadows the fact that many affected territories had previously dangerously high levels of radiation. Even if the current level is low, there was high irradiation in the first days and weeks after the Chernobyl catastrophe. There is no reasonable explanation for the fact that the International Atomic Energy Agency and the World Health Organization (Chernobyl Forum, 2005) have completely neglected the consequences of radioactive contamination in other countries, which received more than 50% of the Chernobyl radionuclides, and addressed concerns only in Belarus, Ukraine, and European Russia.

show abstract

Section: Europementioning

confidence: 97%

1. Chernobyl Contamination through Time and Space

Yablokov¹,

Nesterenko²

2009

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There are essentially six Russian provinces with considerable contamination from the Chernobyl fallout (Tula, Bryansk, Oryol, Anspaugh et al (1988) 50 years, entire world 28,000 U.S. Department of Energy (Goldman, 1987) 50 years, entire world 30,000 * UNSCEAR (Bennett, 1996) For all time, entire world 30,000-60,000 Fairlie and Sumner (2006) For all time, entire world 93,080 Malko (2007) 70 years, entire world 180,000 Malko (2007) 70 years, all Chernobyl causes 495,000 Gofman (1994a,b) For all time, entire world 899, 310-1,786,657 Bertell (2006) For all time, all radionuclides, entire world * From J. Fairlie and D. Sumner (2006: Ryazan, Kursk, and Kaluga), which had a total population of 7,418,000 in 2002 (study region).…”

Section: Calculations Of General Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

7. Mortality after the Chernobyl Catastrophe

Yablokov

2009

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A detailed study reveals that 3.8-4.0% of all deaths in the contaminated territories of Ukraine and Russia from 1990 to 2004 were caused by the Chernobyl catastrophe. The lack of evidence of increased mortality in other affected countries is not proof of the absence of effects from the radioactive fallout. Since 1990, mortality among liquidators has exceeded the mortality rate in corresponding population groups. From 112,000 to 125,000 liquidators died before 2005--that is, some 15% of the 830,000 members of the Chernobyl cleanup teams. The calculations suggest that the Chernobyl catastrophe has already killed several hundred thousand human beings in a population of several hundred million that was unfortunate enough to live in territories affected by the fallout. The number of Chernobyl victims will continue to grow over many future generations.

show abstract

“…Add to this figure 6 .3 x 10 14 Bq from the burn-up of SNAP nuclear power generator in 1964(Hardy et al ., 1973 to the southern hemisphere . Revised estimates according to Goldman, 1987, and references therein . This gives about 3 x 10 -3 Bgl -' air, comparable to that of the max .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of radionuclides in the study of contaminant cycling processes

Santschi

1989

Hydrobiologia

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Of all the geochemical boundaries, the sediment-water interface an exert the greatest control on the cycling of many elements in shallow aquatic environments such as lakes, rivers, estuaries and coastal embayments and, to a lesser extent in the deep sea . Across this interface, the gradients in physical properties (i .e . density), in chemical conditions (i .e . pH, pE, ligand concentrations), biota abundance (i .e . fauna and flora living near the interface) are large, thus producing potentially large fluxes . Some of the physical, chemical, biological and sedimentary controls operating at or near these interfaces can be deciphered from the measurements of natural radioisotopes (e .g . U/Th series or cosmic-ray produced), bomb fallout isotopes or, most recently, fallout from the Chernobyl-reactor accident . Commercially available, reactor-produced isotopes are most often used in enclosures to elucidate the coupling of the various processes at the sediment-water interface, while the former are used both as geochronological tools in the sediments and as tracers to measure or calibrate the rates of exchange across this interface of nutrients or trace elements associated with water or particles .Applications of radioisotopes for studying biological, physical, chemical and sedimentary processes near the sediment-water interface are discussed . In particular, multitracer approaches to study the dynamic coupling of physical, chemical and biological transport processes in lakes are emphasized .

show abstract

Chernobyl: A Radiobiological Perspective

Cited by 27 publications

References 2 publications

1. Chernobyl Contamination through Time and Space

1. Chernobyl Contamination through Time and Space

7. Mortality after the Chernobyl Catastrophe

Use of radionuclides in the study of contaminant cycling processes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About