Chemotherapy of <i>T b brucei</i> infection: Use of DFMO, diminazene aceturate, alone and in combination

Onyeyili, P. A.; Anika, S. M.

doi:10.1111/j.1748-5827.1989.tb01621.x

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Egbe-Nwiyi and Antia (1993) successfully treated dogs infected experimentally with T brucei using diminazene aceturate or isometamidium. Other reports claimed that in most cases treated this way, relapses occurred (Kaggwa andothers 1988, Onyeyili andAnika 1989). Diminazene aceturate was reported by Urquhart and others (1987) to be efficient in the treatment of T congofense infection in the dog.…”

Section: Case Historiesmentioning

confidence: 94%

Trypanosoma congolense infection in two dogs

Harrus

Harmelin

Presenty

et al. 1995

J of Small Animal Practice

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Trypanosomiasis, caused by Trypanosoma congolense, was diagnosed for the first time in Israel in two boxer dogs imported from Kenya. The dogs developed clinical signs two days after arrival and succumbed to the disease within four days. The major clinical and clinicopathological findings included anaemia, haemorrhages, lymphadenomegaly, hepatosplenomegaly and neurological signs. Histopathology showed lymphocytic-plasmacytic infiltration in the skin, brain, meninges, kidney and liver.

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Section: Case Historiesmentioning

confidence: 94%

Trypanosoma congolense infection in two dogs

Harrus

Harmelin

Presenty

et al. 1995

J of Small Animal Practice

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“…Faster clearance of parasites by SEC-DA combination therapy could be attributed to the additive trypanocidal effects of both SEC and DA. The absence of relapse of infection in the SEC-DA combination could be as a result of the extensive distribution of SEC into organs and tissues were trypanosomes sequestrate and were DA accumulation is limited (Onyeyili and Anika, 1989;Onyeyili and Anika, 1991). These findings give credence to possible chemotherapeutic synergy between SEC and DA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Chemotherapeutic efficacy of secnidazole-diminazene aceturate combination therapy in experimental Trypanosoma brucei brucei infection in rats

Eke¹,

Ezeh²,

Ezeudu³

et al. 2017

Afr. J. Pharm. Pharmacol.

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The chemotherapeutic efficacy of secnidazole-diminazene aceturate (SEC-DA) combination therapy was studied in rats experimentally infected with Trypanosoma brucei brucei with a view of eliminating relapse of infection. Twenty rats grouped into 4 groups (n = 5) were used for the study as follows: uninfected untreated (A), infected untreated (B), infected and treated with diminazene (DA) (3.5 mg/kg) alone intraperitoneum (IP) once (C), infected and treated with SEC (200 mg/kg, orally) + DA (3.5 mg/kg, IP) (D). Treatment started 8 days post-infection. Parasites disappeared from the blood of the SEC-DA treated rats after 3 days of treatment against 5 days for DA alone. Relapse infection occurred in DA alone, 13 days post-treatment. There was no relapse infection in the SEC-DA-treated rats up to 70 days post-treatment. Hematological profiles of the animals after treatment showed significantly (p < 0.05) higher total leucocytes, lymphocytes and neutrophil in the SEC-DA group when compared with DAtreated group. Significant (p < 0.05) increase in the hemoglobin concentration and a decrease in the alanine transaminase (ALT) activity were also observed in the SEC-DA group as compared to the DA alone treated group. It is concluded therefore that the SEC-DA combination therapy was more efficacious than DA alone.

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“…Currently, four drugs (pentamidine, suramin, melarsoprol and eflornithine) are available for treatment of African trypanosomosis in humans, while five drugs (diminazene, isometamidium, homidium bromide and chloride and quinapyramine compounds) are used for the treatment of animal trypanosomosis. The drugs used for the treatment of trypanosomosis, both in animals and man are beset with challenges of severe toxicity and increasing incidence of trypanosome resistance and relapse [1][2][3]. This situation suggests the need to develop newer, easily available and safer trypanocides [4,5], by exploring efficacious chemotherapeutic agents from locally available medicinal plants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro and in vivo evaluation of antitrypanosomal activity of Annona muricata stem bark extracts.

Onyeyili

Aliyoo

2015

Herba Polonica

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S u m m a r yThe control of trypanosomosis in animals and humans based on chemotherapy is limited and not ideal, since the agents used are associated with severe side effects, and emergence of relapse and drug resistant parasites. The need for the development of new, cheap and safe compounds stimulated this study. Three concentrations (211, 21.1 and 2.11 mg per ml) of chloroform stem bark extract of Annona muricata were screened for trypanocidal activity against Trypanosoma brucei brucei in vitro . Also, two doses (200 mg per kg and 100 mg per kg) of the extract were evaluated for trypanocidal activity in rats infected with the parasite. Haematological parameters were determined on day 1 post infection and on days 1, 6 and 30-post extract treatment. The extracts inhibited parasite motility and totally eliminated the organisms at the concentrations used in vitro . The extract also showed promising in vivo trypanocidal activity. The observed in vitro and in vivo trypanocidal activities may be due to the presence of bioactive compounds present in the extracts as seen in this study. The extract also improved the observed decreases in haematological parameters of the treated rats, which may be due to their ability to decrease parasite load. The observed oral LD 50 of 1,725.05 mg per kg of the chloroform A . muricata extract using up and down method is an indication of very low toxicity, implying that the extract could be administered with some degree of safety.

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Chemotherapy of T b brucei infection: Use of DFMO, diminazene aceturate, alone and in combination

Cited by 20 publications

References 17 publications

Trypanosoma congolense infection in two dogs

Trypanosoma congolense infection in two dogs

Chemotherapeutic efficacy of secnidazole-diminazene aceturate combination therapy in experimental Trypanosoma brucei brucei infection in rats

In vitro and in vivo evaluation of antitrypanosomal activity of Annona muricata stem bark extracts.

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