Chemotherapy and Other Control Measures of Parasitic Diseases in Domestic Animals and Man

Raether, W.; Mehlhorn, Heinz

doi:10.1007/978-3-662-09200-2_20

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 302 publications

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“…Besides the triazinones, sulphonamides are assumed to be coccidiostatic for mammalian coccidia, mostly Eimeria spp. of cattle and rabbits, and have been shown to have an effect on I. suis (Raether 1988;Ruzicka and Andrews 1983). Lasalocid can also influence the clinical outcome of piglet isosporosis but does not prevent oocyst excretion, while halofuginone prevents parasite development but reduces weight gain, probably by reduction of food intake (Matuschka and Männer 1981).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of various anticoccidials against experimental porcine neonatal isosporosis

Mundt

Mundt-Wüstenberg

Daugschies³

et al. 2006

Parasitol Res

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The efficacies of 20 mg/kg body weight (BW) of toltrazuril (Toltra) 2 days post-infection (dpi), 2 mg/kg BW of diclazuril 2 and 3 dpi and 200 mg/kg BW of sulphadimidine 2, 3 and 4 dpi were compared in a model for piglet isosporosis. Weight gain (first 4 weeks of life) and diarrhoea and oocyst excretion from 4 to 11 dpi were evaluated (10-12 piglets/group). Additionally, animals were killed and examined for pathohistological changes of the small intestines 5, 7, 11 and 14 dpi (n = 3 per group and time point) and lengths of the intestinal villi. Diarrhoea (semi-liquid or liquid faeces) was seen from 5 dpi in all groups except Toltra, and the differences in prevalence and intensity of diarrhoea were statistically significant (p < 0.05) between Toltra and the other groups, which were similar (trial 1). Oocyst excretion was greatly reduced in the Toltra group, which was also statistically significant for the mean and median excretion rates and the percentage of excreting piglets between Toltra and the other groups (p < 0.05). Weight gain was highest in Toltra (p < 0.05). Histopathology revealed mostly villous necrosis and atrophy in the small intestines except the duodenum, which peaked at 7 dpi, in all groups except Toltra. Between 5 and 11 dpi, the Toltra group had significantly longer villi than the other groups. Reduced weight gain and diarrhoea caused by Isospora suis was controlled by a single application of Toltra in the pre-patent period, while neither diclazuril nor sulphadimidine improved the clinical picture of isosporosis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of various anticoccidials against experimental porcine neonatal isosporosis

Mundt

Mundt-Wüstenberg

Daugschies³

et al. 2006

Parasitol Res

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“…This indicates that a pharmacological response to GABA in an invertebrate preparation does not necessarily imply the presence of GABA. It has been generally assumed that flatworms do not utilize GABA (see Raether, 1988; Pax and Bennett, 1991). In an attempt to ascertain whether the known actions of GABA in flatworms are reflected by the actual presence of the substance, we have studied the localization and concentration of GABA in the planarian Dugesia tigrina.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gamma‐aminobutyric acid in the nervous system of a planarian

Eriksson

Panula

1994

J of Comparative Neurology

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The amino acid gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is an important inhibitory neurotransmitter in both vertebrates and invertebrates. Despite this, no reports of GABA in flatworms have to date been published. We have studied the presence of GABA in the planarian Dugesia tigrina with immunocytochemical methods and high-pressure liquid chromatography. Fibers showing GABA-like immunoreactivity (GABA-IR) were present in abundance in the longitudinal nerve cords and lateral nerves. GABA-IR was revealed in fibers forming commissures in the brain. The ventral part of the subepidermal plexus showed GABA-IR. No cell somata containing GABA-IR could be identified with certainty. The chromatographic analysis showed that the average GABA concentration in D. tigrina is 533.6 pmol/mg protein. This is substantially higher than the concentrations of dopamine (62.87 pmol/mg) and serotonin (233.20 pmol/mg). An enzyme assay confirmed the capacity for GABA-synthesis in D. tigrina. The results indicate that GABA-containing neurons appeared earlier in evolution than was previously thought and that GABA may serve an important role already in the flatworms.

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“…10). W. Raether (1988) proved the larvicidal effect of benzimidazoles. This can explain the glycogen disappearance in the endothelial cells of the sexual tubes within 37-38 hours, in the rachis of ovaries and in the eggs within 46th hours after the treatment with albendazole.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Histochemical Investigations of Glycogen Deposits in the Tissues of Toxcora Canis and their changes after the Influence of Pyrantel Pamoate and Albendazole in vivo

Aukštikalnienė

Kublickienė

2000

Acta Zoologica Lituanica

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There were investigated the glycogen deposits in Toxocara canis tissues in norm and after the treatment with pyrantel pamoate and albendazole in vivo. Two trials with 8 and 5 puppies in each were applied. Trial 1 was given a recommended single therapeutic 14.4 mg/kg dose of pyrantel pamoate. Trial 2 was given a recommended single therapeutic 30 mg/kg dose of albendazole. Drugs were fed to each puppy individually. Two infected puppies were left untreated as controls. T. canis, eliminated from the host intestine, were quickly collected and prepared for histochemical examination (PAS reaction). Histochemical examination was carried out on the helminths eliminated from the host intestine 8, 12, 24 and 36 hours after the treatment with pyrantel pamoate and 19-21, 32-33, 37-38, 46, and 54 hours after the treatment with albendazole. A distinct positive PAS reaction of hypodermis, muscle cells, epithelial cells of intestine, epithelial cells of sexual tubes and of eggs was observed in the control T. canis. Both used anthelmintics at first decreased glycogen deposits in the epithelial cells of intestine of T. canis. Pyrantel pamoate acts on glycogen deposits in the muscle cells of T. canis stronger than albendazole. There has been observed a negative PAS reaction of these cells of T. canis 36 hours after the treatment with pyrantel pamoate. Then after the treatment with albendazole, a negative PAS reaction in the muscle cells was established only in the helminths that were eliminated from the host intestine in 54 hours. Lateral cords and hypodermis of T. canis show a weak PAS reaction 21 hour after their treatment with albendazole, whereas after the treatment with pyrantel pamoate and even 24 hours afterwards, these tissues show a distinct positive PAS reaction. It is interesting to note that sexual tubes and sexual products show a positive PAS reaction up to the end of the experiment with pyrantel pamoate (36th hour). Also, after the treatment with albendazole, sexual tubes show a distinct positive PAS reaction on the 37-38 hour, while a negative PAS reaction of these organs was established only on the 46th hour of the experiment with albendazole. It might be concluded that pyrantel pamoate and albendazole affect the amount of reserve carbohydrate glycogen in the tissues of T. canis and cause its decrease and disappearance.

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Chemotherapy and Other Control Measures of Parasitic Diseases in Domestic Animals and Man

Cited by 16 publications

References 302 publications

Efficacy of various anticoccidials against experimental porcine neonatal isosporosis

Efficacy of various anticoccidials against experimental porcine neonatal isosporosis

Gamma‐aminobutyric acid in the nervous system of a planarian

Histochemical Investigations of Glycogen Deposits in the Tissues of Toxcora Canis and their changes after the Influence of Pyrantel Pamoate and Albendazole in vivo

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