Chemotaxonomic Study of an Alkalophilic Bacterium, Exiguobacterium aurantiacum gen. nov., sp. nov.

Collins, Matthew D.; Lund, Barbara M.; Farrow, John A. E.; Schleifer, Karl‐Heinz

doi:10.1099/00221287-129-7-2037

Cited by 103 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…However, Exiguobacterium contains a murein based upon L-lysine and has a substantially lower G+C content (ca. 53 to 56 mol%) (10). The polar lipid patterns of the poultry strains are also quite distinct from those of previously described coryneform taxa.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 48%

Brachybacterium faecium gen. nov., sp. nov., a Coryneform Bacterium from Poultry Deep Litter

Collins

Brown

Jones

1988

International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology

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Chemotaxonomic studies were performed on some gram-positive coryneform bacteria of uncertain taxonomic position isolated from poultry deep litter. On the basis of the present chemical and previous phenetic studies, we suggest that these bacteria be classified in a new genus, Brachybacterium, as Brachybacterium faecium gen. nov., sp. nov. The type strain of Brachybacterium faecium is strain NCIB 9860.Schefferle (16) reported the isolation from poultry deep litter of a number of coryneform bacteria capable of degrading uric acid. Although the morphological, biochemical, and physiological characteristics of these strains were determined, their taxonomic position remained uncertain. Several of the isolates of Schefferle (16) were included in a numerical phenetic study by Jones (13) and were found to be related to Arthrobacter and Brevibacterium. However, three of the poultry isolates failed to cluster tightly with any recognized coryneform taxon although they did exhibit a "loose relationship" with Listeria denitrificans (13). The latter relationship was of particular interest as presently L . denitriJcans is represented by a single strain. Improvements in the classification of coryneform and related bacteria over the past decade have been almost entirely due to the application of chemotaxonomic methods. In particular, murein, nucleic acid, and lipid analyses have provided valuable criteria for distinguishing the major genera and for recognition of many new taxa (14) (see Table 3). Therefore, in this study we determined the chemical characteristics of the deep litter isolates mentioned above in an attempt to resolve their true taxonomic position. Our results indicate that these strains are closely related to each other but are quite distinct from all previously described coryneform taxa and warrant a new taxon, for which the name Brachybacterium faecium gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. MATERIALS AND METHODSCultures and cultivation. For peptidoglycan and lipid studies the test strains (Table 1) were grown in shake cultures (10 g of tryptone, 5 g of yeast extract, 5 g of glucose, and 5 g of NaCl in 1 liter of water, pH 7.2) at 28°C and were harvested in the stationary phase by centrifugation. For deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) work strains were cultivated on agar media and harvested in the late exponential phase.Peptidoglycan analysis. Walls were prepared from ca. 250 mg of dry cells by mechanical disruption with glass beads and were purified as described by Schleifer and Kandler (17). The amino acid compositions of complete wall hydrolysates were determined by using an automatic amino acid analyzer.DNA base composition determination. DNA was purified as described previously (12), and base composition was estimated by thermal denaturation in dilute saline citrate, using Escherichia coli NCDO 1984 as a standard.Analysis of fatty acids. Fatty acids were extracted from dry * Corresponding author.cells (50 mg) by acid methanolysis and were examined by gas-liquid chromatography as described previously (11). Analysis of isopre...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 48%

Brachybacterium faecium gen. nov., sp. nov., a Coryneform Bacterium from Poultry Deep Litter

Collins

Brown

Jones

1988

International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology

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“…For each initial pH, the molar ratio for the three products relative to the lactate produced was substantially retained. Exiguobacterium aurantiacum, a facultative anaerobe lying in the phylogenetic radiation of 'classical' Bacillus, exhibits the same behavior in glucose fermentation with respect to the change of pH of the cultivation medium (Collins et al, 1983;Gee et al, 1980). Among the HA group, the three species of the genus Amphibacillus are similar to the isolate in terms of the metabolism of glucose under anaerobic conditions (Niimura et al, 1989(Niimura et al, , 1990Zhilina et al, 2001).…”

Section: Products From Glucose In Relation To Oxygen and The Initial mentioning

confidence: 91%

Paraliobacillus ryukyuensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a new Gram-positive, slightly halophilic, extremely halotolerant, facultative anaerobe isolated from a decomposing marine alga.

Ishikawa

Ishizaki

Yamämoto

et al. 2002

J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol.

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“…This can be explained by the fact that both genera have very similar morphological and biochemical characteristics, such as motility, positive catalase and urease activity, negative phosphatase and coagulase activity, presence or absence of nitrate reduction, and acid production under aerobic conditions, and both contain aerobic and facultative anaerobic species (Stieglmeier et al, 2009). These colonies are spherical, opaque, butyrous or yellow-orange, growing at temperatures varying between 20 and 45°C (Schleifer et al, 1979;Collins et al, 1983). The similar morphological and biochemical characteristics of the two genera might have contributed to its initial identification as Staphylococcus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiota sampled from a polluted stream in Recife-PE, Brazil and its importance to public health

PurificaÃ§ao¹,

Araujo²,

Lópes³

et al. 2017

Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.

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Pollution of water bodies can cause environmental and public health problems. The Cavouco stream is a tributary of the Capibaribe River, one of the main rivers in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil, and receives a high pollution load from residential, laboratory and hospital effluents. The aim of the present study was to perform phenotypic and molecular characterization in this stream, and evaluate the water quality using microbiological parameters. Water was collected from five sampling points, and bacterial species were identified using biochemical and molecular methods through 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Total and thermotolerant coliforms were also quantified. Fermenting Gram-negative bacilli from the family Enterobacteriaceae (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Proteus mirabilis), non-fermenting bacilli (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Pseudomonas putida) and Gram-positive bacilli (Bacillus cereus, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus pumilus and Staphylococcus hominis) were identified. A total of 25 bacterial isolates were phenotypically identified. All phenotypic identifications were confirmed by molecular analysis, except for S. hominis, which was molecularly identified as Exiguobacterium. Regarding water quality, all analyzed samples were positive for total and thermotolerant coliforms. The results obtained suggest that the Cavouco stream presents a potential risk for transmission of water-borne diseases, because of the presence of pathogenic bacteria. In addition, the current state of the stream also threatens the conservation of its native species.

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Chemotaxonomic Study of an Alkalophilic Bacterium, Exiguobacterium aurantiacum gen. nov., sp. nov.

Cited by 103 publications

References 18 publications

Brachybacterium faecium gen. nov., sp. nov., a Coryneform Bacterium from Poultry Deep Litter

Brachybacterium faecium gen. nov., sp. nov., a Coryneform Bacterium from Poultry Deep Litter

Paraliobacillus ryukyuensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a new Gram-positive, slightly halophilic, extremely halotolerant, facultative anaerobe isolated from a decomposing marine alga.

Microbiota sampled from a polluted stream in Recife-PE, Brazil and its importance to public health

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