Chemosensor Based on Hydrazinyl Pyridine for Selective Detection of F̄ Ion in Organic Media and CO₃²⁻ Ions in Aqueous Media: Design, Synthesis, Characterization and Practical Application

Abstract

Two new organic receptors, receptors R1 and R2 based on hydrazinyl pyridine have been synthesized for colorimetric detection of fluoride, acetate, and carbonate anions. Receptor R1 selectively recognizes fluoride ions over the other interference anions in the dimethyl sulfoxide based on hydrogen bonding interaction, followed by deprotonation and reflects 1:2 complex formation between the receptor and the fluoride ion. Noticeable, R2 is able to discriminate between fluoride and acetate ions via optical changes despite similar basicity with bathochromic shift of 215 nm and 194 nm. In addition, R1 and R2 exhibit splendid selectivity toward carbonate ions in the aqueous media via visible colour change from pale yellow to aqua with detection limit of 0.51 ppm and 0.47 ppm. The binding mode of fluoride and carbonate to receptor R1 and R2 is supported by Density functional theory calculation. Moreover, receptor R1 and R2 show practical visible colorimetric test strip for the detection of fluoride, acetate, and carbonate ions.

Chemistry with Schiff Bases of Pyridine Derivatives: Their Potential as Bioactive Ligands and Chemosensors

“…ion with high selectivity and sensitivity. Finally, the compound was able to distinguish between F À and CO 3 À2 due to difference in their bathochromic shift [89]. A Hantzsch ester fluorescent probe based on thienyl-pyridine appended to dihydropyridine ring was synthesized (Figure 64) and applied for fluorescent sensing of nitric oxide in aqueous solution.…”

Exploring Chemistry with Pyridine Derivatives

“…The nifedipine drug is also used to treat diseases premature birth and Raynaud's syndrome [87]. Milrinone and amrinone are FDA-approved vasodilators containing pyridine and dihydropyridine ring systems [88,89].…”

“…Moreover, antiproliferative activity of several pyrrolopyridine derivatives was investigated in many studies [83][84][85][86][87][88][89][90][91].…”

“…ion with high selectivity and sensitivity. Finally, the compound was able to distinguish between F � and CO 3 �2 due to difference in their bathochromic shift [89]. A Hantzsch ester fluorescent probe based on thienyl-pyridine appended to dihydropyridine ring was synthesized (Figure 64) and applied for fluorescent sensing of nitric oxide in aqueous solution.…”

Lansoprazole-Based Colorimetric Chemosensor for Efficient Binding and Sensing of Carbonate Ion: Spectroscopy and DFT Studies

“…Some carbonate chemosensors have been developed in recent years due to their rapidity, high sensitivity, and selectivity. However, some of the prepared sensors have much more detection limit to ion detection in high sensitivity, most of these chemosensors are difficult to prepare, or the reactions are not cost-effective (Ghorai et al, 2016b ; Tavallali et al, 2016 , 2019 ; Karuk Elmas et al, 2018 ; Kahriman et al, 2019 ; Naderi et al, 2019 ; Singh et al, 2019 ; Morikawa et al, 2020 ; Velmurugan et al, 2020 ). Herein, we proposed a naked-eye chemosensor, which has some superior as a simple process, biocompatibility, efficiency, side effects on the body, and rapid response time.…”