Chemoprotective effects of plasma derived from mice of different ages and genders on ovarian failure after cyclophosphamide treatment

Abstract

Background Premature ovarian failure is one of the major side effects of chemotherapy drugs. Blood plasma contains several factors that might lead to the repair of different tissues. Objective The chemoprotective effects of plasma derived from mice with different ages and genders were assessed on ovarian tissue in cyclophosphamide-treated mice. Methods Forty-two adult female mice were divided into six groups as follows: (A) control; (B) 0.9% sodium chloride as vehicle; (C) cyclophosphamide; (D) cyclophosphamide + young male blood plasma; (E) cyclophosphamide + old male blood plasma; (F) cyclophosphamide + young female blood plasma. Ovarian failure was induced by injecting cyclophosphamide. On the 1st day, three groups received simultaneous injections of 150 μL intraperitoneal and 70 μL intravenous plasma derived from mice of different ages and genders. Each plasma type (150 μL) was then injected intraperitoneally every other 3 days for 19 days. On day 21, the dissected ovaries were stained for stereological analysis. Also, estrogen and progesterone levels were measured. Results Cyclophosphamide had damaging effects on ovarian parameters and led to reduced hormone levels in comparison with the control group. However, treating with young female and, old male blood plasma, to a lesser degree, showed beneficial effects on the number of primordial follicles, pre-antral follicles, and granulosa cells. Also, these two treatments had protective effects on the volume of ovarian parameters as well as estrogen and progesterone levels in comparison with the cyclophosphamide group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Plasma derived from mice of different ages and genders can ameliorate premature ovarian failure against the adverse effects of cyclophosphamide.

Lyophilized Equine Platelet-Rich Plasma (L-GF equina ) Antagonize the Reproductive Toxicity and Oxidative Stress Induced by Cyclophosphamide in Female Rats

“…In the uterus, epithelial degeneration, vacuoles within the epithelial lining, decreased glandular proliferation, and increased stromal brous tissue. Similar results were previously reported in rats [18,31] and mice [32]. This side effect of CP is linked to the follicle atresia and granulosa cell apoptosis [33].…”

Histological assessment for investigation of dose-dependent ovarian toxicity of cyclophosphamide in the rat

“…Bahmanpour and her coworkers explained that primordial and preantral follicles were more sensitive to one single dose of 150 mg/kg CPA administration in their animal model (19). Previous reports have shown that the preantral follicles, as the sensitive ones, may be affected by chemotherapy drugs easily (19,25,26) that is in consistent with our results. The investigation of ovarian morphological for different doses showed that CPA dose of 50 mg/kg had the most remarkable decrease in the number of primordial, primary, preantral and graa an follicles.…”

“…Bedoschi et al demonstrated that the primordial and preantral follicles are more susceptible to atresia compared to the antral and graa an follicles (13). Bahmanpour and her coworkers explained that primordial and preantral follicles were more sensitive to one single dose of 150 mg/kg CPA administration in their animal model (19). Previous reports have shown that the preantral follicles, as the sensitive ones, may be affected by chemotherapy drugs easily (19,25,26) that is in consistent with our results.…”

“…Furthermore, CPA has been applied to induce the experimental model of premature ovarian failure in rats. It has been illustrated in several investigations that the depletion of follicles caused by direct or indirect side effects of CPA which led to induction of cell death in oocytes and granulosa cells, respectively (19,20,21). Oktem et al have previously characterized the in vivo impact of CPA in human ovarian xenograft model.…”

In vitro growth of the ovarian follicle: taking stock of advances in research

“…When a cavity filled with follicular fluid forms, this is called the antral follicle. Depending on the species, folliculogenesis completes one or more follicles and ovulation occurs, but the remaining follicles are involved in the growth process, and suffer from atresia ( Mesbah et al ., 2018 ; Green & Shikanov, 2016 ; West et al ., 2007 ; Bahmanpour et al ., 2020 ). Folliculogenesis and oogenesis are controlled by complicated paracrine, autocrine and juxtacrine genetic factors, and are vital to sustainable fertility ( Dehghani et al ., 2018 ; Matzuk & Burns, 2012 ; Richards & Ascoli, 2018 ) ( Figure 1 ).…”