Chemoprotection against Three Modes of Radiation Death in the Mouse

Yuhas, John M.; Storer, John B.

doi:10.1080/09553006914550411

Cited by 117 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…In the 30-day survival test, the modulation by the agent of the recovery and regeneration of the gastrointestinal epithelium and the haematopoietic progenitor cells in the bone marrow could be evaluated, which are two of the most radiosensitive organs essential for sustenance of the life [137,138] . The gastrointestinal (GI) syndrome in mice can be assessed by determining the survival up to 10 days (measure of GI death) after exposure of the animals to comparatively high doses of IR, whereas haematopoietic syndrome can be assessed by monitoring the survival of irradiated animals up to 30 days post-IR [137,139,[140][141][142] . The intestinal crypt cell assay or functional changes also serve as indicators of GI damage [143] .…”

Section: Strategies For and Challenge Of Ra Randdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For an example, the survival lethal dose 50/30 (LD50/30), which is the exposure dose to IR that kills half of the exposed animals within 30 days, is often used to estimate the DRF of the RA by dividing the LD50/30 of the RA-treated group with the LD50/30 of the vehicle-treated group to quantify protection of the haematopoietic system [139,140] . The predominant laboratory animal used in the models of radiation syndrome for study of IR effects is the mouse due to the low cost, easy handling and ability to manipulate the phenotype and genotype [144,145] .…”

Section: Strategies For and Challenge Of Ra Randdmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Research and Development of Radioprotective Agents: A Mini-Review

Saaya

Katsube

Xie

et al. 2017

International Journal of Radiology

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The research and development (R&D) of radioprotective agents (RAs) have been conducting since seven decades ago, and the safety and protection against undesirable effects of ionizing radiation (IR) has become an important issue especially for the benefit of patients receiving the radiotherapy, in addition to the applications in nuclear industry, military, outer space exploration and accidental exposures. Although the technology advancement makes the radiotherapy a promising better treatment by maximizing the effect of IR to the cancer cells, there are still needs for improvement in minimizing the toxicity to the normal cells. Aiming at providing the new researchers in the radiation protection field with an overall view for R&D of the RAs, this mini-review elucidates in brief a general understanding of the IR and its effects on the cell, the concepts of radiotherapy and therapeutic ratio, the categories of RAs and their mechanisms, and discusses on the strategies and challenge for R&D of the RAs.

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Section: Strategies For and Challenge Of Ra Randdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Strategies For and Challenge Of Ra Randdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research and Development of Radioprotective Agents: A Mini-Review

Saaya

Katsube

Xie

et al. 2017

International Journal of Radiology

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“…The haemoglobin, total leukocyte count and differential lymphocyte counts are studied in blood samples drawn from the hearts of mice sacrificed routinely to study the haematological effects of radiation (Yuhas and Storer, 1969;Lata et al, 2009). The animals in these studies are divided into two groups -control (radiation alone) and treated group (extract treated plus irradiated).…”

Section: Haematological Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In animal studies, the Dose Reduction Factor (DRF) is typically determined by irradiating mice with and without administrated radioprotective agents at a range of radiation doses and then comparing the end point of interest (e.g. 30-day survival) (Yuhas and Storer, 1969). The radioprotective efficacy of the extract is evaluated in the animal model by their pre-irradiation administration via different routes, such as intraperitoneal, intramuscular, intravenous and oral, for 15 consecutive days followed by whole body irradiation.…”

Section: Whole-body Survival Body Weight and Dose Reduction Factor (mentioning

confidence: 99%

Herbal Remedies for Combating Irradiation: a Green Anti-irradiation Approach

Lachumy¹,

Oon²,

Deivanai³

et al. 2013

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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Plants play important roles in human life not only as suppliers of oxygen but also as a fundamental resource to sustain the human race on this earthly plane. Plants also play a major role in our nutrition by converting energy from the sun during photosynthesis. In addition, plants have been used extensively in traditional medicine since time immemorial. Information in the biomedical literature has indicated that many natural herbs have been investigated for their efficacy against lethal irradiation. Pharmacological studies by various groups of investigators have shown that natural herbs possess significant radioprotective activity. In view of the immense medicinal importance of natural product based radioprotective agents, this review aims at compiling all currently available information on radioprotective agents from medicinal plants and herbs, especially the evaluation methods and mechanisms of action. In this review we particularly emphasize on ethnomedicinal uses, botany, phytochemistry, mechanisms of action and toxicology. We also describe modern techniques for evaluating herbal samples as radioprotective agents. The usage of herbal remedies for combating lethal irradiation is a green antiirradiation approach for the betterment of human beings without high cost, side effects and toxicity.

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“…The initial interest was followed by disappointment because of the severe toxicity of these drugs in animals. During the search for more effective but less toxic protectors, WR-2721, a phosphoro-thioate derivative of cysteamine was found to be less toxic and much more effective than the parent compound (28). Similarly MPG, a synthetic thiol compound, has been reported to protect against radiation induced damage at a non-toxic optimal dose of 20 mg/kg body weight with a DRF of 1.4 (23).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%