Chemopreventive Effect of Cratoxylum formosum (Jack) ssp. pruniflorum on Initial Stage Hepatocarcinogenesis in Rats

Abstract

Cratoxylum formosum ssp. pruniflorum (Kurz) Gogelein (CP) is an indigenous plant found mainly in southeast Asia. Several in vitro studies have confirmed its activity against hepatocellular carcinoma; however, in vivo studies of the effect of CP on liver cancer are needed. This study investigated the effect of CP on early-stage hepatocarcinogenesis in rat liver when using diethylnitrosamine (DEN) as a carcinogen. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect (a) upregulation of glutathione S-transferase placental (GST-P) positive foci, (b) the proliferating cell nuclear antigen PCNA, and (c) apoptotic cells in the liver as indicators of early-stage carcinogenesis. Immunohistochemical parameters were observed in rats given CP orally following DEN injection. Rats given DEN presented overexpression of GST-P positive foci, PCNA, and apoptotic cells, indicating the formation of cancerous tissues, and these effects were diminished by CP treatment. CP thus inhibited hepatocarcinogenic effects in an animal model. These results could help plan further in vivo studies and support the use of CP to prevent processes that promote the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma in humans.

Chronic Administration of Diethylnitrosamine and 2-Acetylaminofluorene Induces Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Wistar Rats

“…There are reports where there is a decrease in the expression of BAX and an increase in the expression of BCL-2 [16,31,32,42,53]. These are accompanied by an increase in the expression of HGF and PCNA, indicating an increase in hepatocyte proliferation [16,33,54]. In this sense, in the DEN+2-AAF group, we only observed a downward trend in BAX expression with no changes in BCL-2 and upward trends in HGF and PCNA expression when compared to the CTL group.…”

In vitro Cytotoxic Potential of Sterculia quadrifida Leaf Extract Against Human Breast Cancer Cell Lines

“…Evaluation of the SI value for any research on herbal drugs and/or isolated compounds is crucial for determining whether further research should be carried out. 18 Jantamat et al, 19 proposed a lower SI value (>3) for classifying prospective anti-cancer samples. The test results revealed that the n-hexane and ethyl acetate fractions had SI values of 4.21 in T47D cancer cells, followed by the n-hexane fraction with SI values of 16.41 in MCF-7 cells.…”

Thai Rat-Tailed Radish Prevents Hepatocarcinogenesis in Rats by Blocking Mutagenicity, Inducing Hepatic Phase II Enzyme, and Decreasing Hepatic Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Gene Expression

“…Since GSTs are a group of hepatic multifunctional proteins participating in the detoxification of toxic and mutagenic agents, the formation of GST-P positive foci depicts the early phase of carcinogenesis due to the enhancement of the detoxification process [ 29 ]. Moreover, apoptosis is increased during carcinogenesis as a countermeasure against precancerous cells to prevent excessive cell proliferation [ 30 ]. Apoptotic cell death was, therefore, measured to confirm the early stage of cancerous formation.…”