Chemopreventive and Anticancer Role of Resveratrol against Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Abstract

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most prevailing and aggressive head and neck cancers, featuring high morbidity and mortality. The available conventional treatments suffer from several adverse effects and are often inefficient in terms of their survival rates. Thus, seeking novel therapeutic agents and adjuvants is of the utmost importance for modern society. Natural polyphenolic compounds have recently emerged as promising chemopreventive and anticancer agents. Specifically, the natural compound resveratrol (RSV) has recently gained momentum for this purpose. RSV is useful for treating OSCC due to its antiproliferative, antimetastatic, and proapoptotic effects. Additionally, RSV acts against tumor cells while synergically cooperating with chemotherapeutics, overcoming drug resistance phenomena. Despite these wide-spectrum effects, there are few specific investigations regarding RSV’s effects against OSCC animal models that consider different routes and vehicles for the administration of RSV. Interestingly, an injectable RSV-loaded liposome-based formulation was proven to be effective against both in vitro and in vivo OSCC models, demonstrating that the development of RSV-loaded drug delivery systems for systemic and/or loco-regional applications may be the turning point in oral cancer treatment, leading to benefits from both RSV’s properties as well as from targeted delivery. Given these premises, this review offers a comprehensive overview of the in vitro and in vivo effects of RSV and its main derivative, polydatin (PD), against OSCC-related cell lines and animal models, aiming to guide the scientific community in regard to RSV and PD use in the treatment of oral precancerous and cancerous lesions.

Nutritional Factors: Benefits in Glaucoma and Ophthalmologic Pathologies

“…Studies have shown that its derivatives have a powerful inhibiting effect on inhibiting low-density protein induced by copper ions [ 201 ]. Resveratrol has also shown anticancer effects in in vitro and in vivo studies, where the evidence indicates that resveratrol inhibits initiation, promotion, and progression (carcinogenesis stages) [ 202 , 203 , 204 ]. Evidence from several other studies has shown that resveratrol displays therapeutic properties that are of medical importance, which include anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative effects [ 205 , 206 ].…”

Exploring the potential of dietary factors and plant extracts as chemopreventive agents in oral squamous cell carcinoma treatment

“…However, it is worth noting that the inhibitory effect of resveratrol was somewhat diminished in cells overexpressing MAGEA12/Ark proteins. This observation suggests that the downregulation of the MAGEA12/Ark pathway may play a role in the anticancer effects of resveratrol ( 68 ).…”

Advances in Small Molecular Agents against Oral Cancer

“…Liu et al [31] found that platyphyllenone (2) induces OCC autophagy and apoptosis by regulating the serine/threonine protein kinase B (AKT) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathways. Resveratrol (3) inhibits OCC proliferation by inhibiting the transactivation of the element binding protein 1 (SREBP1), subsequently down-regulating the expression of epidermal fatty acid-binding protein (E-FABP), blocking the proliferation of Ca9-22 cells, and finally inducing autophagy [32,33]. Yang et al [34] found that phloretin (4) exerts anti-proliferative activity against human OCC through reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated apoptosis and G0/G1 phase arrest.…”