Chemoprevention of photocarcinogenesis by selected dietary botanicals

Baliga, Manjeshwar Shrinath; Katiyar, Säntosh K.

doi:10.1039/b505311k

Cited by 182 publications

(132 citation statements)

References 125 publications

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“…The anthocyanin pelargonidin protects the amino acid tyrosine from the highly reactive oxidant peroxynitrite [48]. Eggplant contains a derivative of the anthocyanidin delphinidin called nasunin, which interferes with the dangerous hydroxyl radical-generating system-a major source of oxidants in the body [49].…”

Section: Phytochemicals Skin Cancer and Rosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Stress and Skin Cancer: An Overview

Narendhirakannan

Hannah

2012

Ind J Clin Biochem

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Skin is the largest body organ that serves as an important environmental interface providing a protective envelope that is crucial for homeostasis. On the other hand, it is a major target for toxic insult by a broad spectrum of physical and chemical agents that are capable of altering its structure and function. There are a large number of dietary contaminants and drugs can manifest their toxicity in skin. These environmental toxicants or their metabolites are inherent oxidants and/or directly or indirectly drive the production of a variety of reactive oxidants also known as reactive oxygen species. These are short-lived entities that are continuously generated at low levels during the course of normal aerobic metabolism. These are believed to activate proliferative and cell survival signaling that can alter apoptotic pathways that may be involved in the pathogenesis of a number of skin disorders. The skin possesses an array of antioxidant defense mechanisms that interact with toxicants to obviate their deleterious effect. The ''antioxidant power'' of a food is an expression of its capability both to defend the human organism from the action of the free radicals and to prevent degenerative disorders. Plants like olive trees have their own built-in protection against the oxidative damage of the sun, and these built-in protectors function as cell protectors in our own body. Although many antioxidants have shown substantive efficacy in cell culture systems and in animal models of oxidant injury, unequivocal confirmation of their beneficial effects in human populations has proven elusive.

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Section: Phytochemicals Skin Cancer and Rosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Stress and Skin Cancer: An Overview

Narendhirakannan

Hannah

2012

Ind J Clin Biochem

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“…Botanicals, specifically those that possess anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and antioxidant properties, are among the most promising group of agents and may represent ideal photoprotective agents (19). We have shown previously that plant polyphenols, such as (À)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate from green tea, prevent UVB-induced immunosuppression in mice and have further shown that this acts, at least in part, through augmentation of the immunoregulatory cytokine, interleukin (IL)-12 (20).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silymarin inhibits UV radiation-induced immunosuppression through augmentation of interleukin-12 in mice

Meeran¹,

Katiyar²,

Elmets

et al. 2006

Molecular Cancer Therapeutics

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We have shown previously that silymarin, a plant flavonoid, inhibits UVB-induced photocarcinogenesis in mice. As UVB-induced immunosuppression has been implicated in the development of skin cancer, we investigated whether silymarin can modulate the effects of UVB radiation on the immune system. Treatment of C3H/HeN mice with topically applied silymarin (0.5 or 1.0 mg/cm 2 ) or silibinin, a major component of silymarin, markedly inhibited UVB (180 mJ/cm 2 ) -induced suppression of contact hypersensitivity response in a local model of immunosuppression and had a moderate inhibitory effect in a systemic model of contact hypersensitivity. Silymarin reduced the UVB-induced enhancement of the levels of the immunosuppressive cytokine, interleukin (IL)-10, in the skin and draining lymph nodes and enhanced the levels of the immunostimulatory cytokine, IL-12. Intraperitoneal injection of mice treated with silymarin with an endotoxin-free neutralizing anti-IL-12 antibody abrogated the protective effects of the silymarin against UVB-induced suppression of the contact hypersensitivity response. Furthermore, the treatment of silymarin did not prevent UVB-induced suppression of the contact hypersensitivity response in IL-12 knockout mice but prevented it in their wild-type mice. Moreover, i.p. injection of IL-12 to silymarin-treated or nonsilymarin-treated IL-12 knockout mice resulted in an enhanced response to contact hypersensitivity compared with the response in mice that were exposed to either UVB alone or silymarin plus UVB. These data indicate for the first time that silymarin has the ability to protect mice from UVB-induced immunosuppression and that this protective effect is mediated, at least in part, through

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“…The yield of the pure crystals is about 35 mg for the 500 g grape skin used, there may be some lose during processing of extraction, since the naturally occurring trans-resveratrol easily oxidized and converted to the cis-configuration by light and with the heat, heavy metals and atmospheric oxygen 12 . The fresh skin of black grapes (Vitis vinifera) is rich with a non-flavonoid polyphenol, resveratrol and each gram of fresh grape skin contain 50-100 microgram of pure resveratrol 13 . The procedure for extraction and purification was concluded from different studies.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%