Chemoprevention of Gastrointestinal Cancer: The Reality and the Dream

Chun, Kyung Soo; Kim, Eun Hee; Lee, Soo Yeon; Hahm, Ki Baik

doi:10.5009/gnl.2013.7.2.137

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 149 publications

(113 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…A tumorpromóció során az iniciált sejtek klonális expanziója következik be. Mivel a promóció folyamata reverzíbilis, valamint a daganatképződés időtar-tama sok esetben akár tíz évet is meghaladhat, van esély a megváltozott intracelluláris jelátvitel kemopreventív szerekkel való normalizálására [1].…”

Section: öSszefoglaló Közleményunclassified

“…Mivel a krónikus gyulladás fennállása is elősegíti a daganatkép-ződést, ezért ennek gátlása nem szteroid típusú gyulladáscsökkentő szerekkel tumorellenes hatású lehet [1]. Ismeretes, hogy a statinok gyulladáscsökkentő és immunmoduláló hatással is rendelkeznek [2].…”

Section: öSszefoglaló Közleményunclassified

“…Rágcsálókban a statinok csökkentik az azoximetán indukálta colonneoplasiák kialakulását [1], valamint szintén csökkentik a polipképződést multiplex intestinalis neoplasiára genetikalilag hajlamos (Min) egerekben [8].…”

Section: A Statinok Tumorképződésre Gyakorolt Hatásai áLlatkísérletekbenunclassified

See 2 more Smart Citations

Statins and gastrointestinal cancers

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A statinok tumorképződésre gyakorolt gátlóhatása állatkísérletekben és humán daganatsejtvonalakkal végzett vizsgá-latok során többféle emésztőrendszeri tumor esetében is igazolódott. A statinok kemopreventív hatásmechanizmusa még nem teljesen tisztázott, de a megnövekedett oxidatív stressz, a fokozott autofágia, a pro-és antiproliferatív fehérjék expressziójának megváltozása és a sejten belüli jelátviteli útvonalak befolyásolása szerepet játszik. A nagy esetszámú, randomizált klinikai tanulmányok egyelőre nem igazolták a kísérletes adatok alapján várt eredményeket. Jelen összefoglaló célja, hogy bemutassa a statinok kemopreventív szerepéről eddig megjelent irodalmi adatokat az egyes emésztőrendszeri daganatok vonatkozásában. A klinikai vizsgálatok eredményei alapján elmondható, hogy 10-20 mg/nap dózisú statin esetén nem vagy csak minimális tumorprotektív hatás észlelhető. Hidrofi l statinok esetén nincs, hidrofób statinoknál azonban szignifi káns a kemopreventív hatás. 30-40 mg/nap dózisban történő, hosszan tartó szedés hatásairól kevés adat áll rendelkezésre. A statinok hatásának hosszú távú vizsgálata -vegyülettípus és dózis szerint alcsoport-analízist végezve -valamennyi emésztőrendszeri daganat esetében szükséges a későbbiekben. A statinokkal történő kemoprevenció nem része a mindennapi orvosi gyakorlatnak. A statinok kemopreventív céllal történő alkalmazása nem helyettesítheti a rendszeres onkológiai szűrést és követést. Orv. Hetil., 2014, 155(18), 687-693. Kulcsszavak: statin, kemoprevenció, emésztőrendszeri daganatok Statins and gastrointestinal cancersThe antitumour effect of statins has already been proven in animal experiments and human cancer cell lines in several gastrointestinal cancers. The chemopreventive mechanism is not completely clarifi ed but the enhancement of oxidative stress, increased autophagy, altered expression of pro-and antiproliferative proteins and their infl uence on intracellular signaling pathways may play a role. Randomized studies, however, failed to confi rme the expected results obtained from experimental studies. The goal of this review is to summarize the data available in the literature regarding the chemopreventive effects of statins on several gastrointestinal cancers. Results of clinical trials suggest that 10-20 mg statin daily has no or minimal antitumour effect. Chemopreventive effect of hydrophilic statins could not be detected but it seems to be signifi cant in the case of hydrophobic statins. There are only few data available on the long-term daily use of 30-40 mg statins. Further long-term evaluation of the effect of statins regarding gastrointestinal cancers is needed, and an analysis of compound-and dose-related subgroups would be benefi cial. Chemoprevention with statins cannot yet be accepted as standard medical practice. Use of statins as chemopreventive agents cannot be a substitute for regular oncological screening or surveillance.

show abstract

Section: öSszefoglaló Közleményunclassified

See 1 more Smart Citation

Statins and gastrointestinal cancers

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Common orchestrated mechanisms might offer rescue from antibiotics resistance. Conclusively, natural phytochemicals possessing potential antioxidant and/or anti-inflammatory and anticarcinogenic activities, which are exerted by regulating or targeting specific molecules against gastric cancer, might potentiate the efficacy of H. pylori removal to achieve gastric cancer prevention [23]. Currently, we are awaiting the results of an ongoing study concerning the anticipating role of stem cells to rejuvenate H. pylori -atrophic gastritis.…”

Section: Korean Perspective On the Prevention Of Gastric Cancer Relevmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Korean Perspective of <b><i>Helicobacter pylori</i></b> Infection: Lessons from the Japanese Government's Policy to Prevent Gastric Cancer

Park

Hahm²

2014

Dig Dis

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The guideline of the Korean College of Helicobacter and Upper Gastrointestinal Research group for Helicobacter pylori infection was first produced in 1998, when definite indication for H. pylori eradication is early gastric cancer in addition to the previous indications of peptic ulcer (PUD) including scar lesion and marginal zone B cell lymphoma (MALT type). Though treatment is recommended for the relatives of a patient with gastric cancer, unexplained iron deficiency anemia, and chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, a consensus treatment guideline is the treatment of PUD, MALToma, and gastric cancer in Korea. One- or 2-week treatment with proton pump inhibitor (PPI)-based triple therapy consisting of one PPI and 2 antibiotics, clarithromycin and amoxicillin, is recommended as the first-line treatment regimen. In the case of treatment failure, one or 2 weeks of quadruple therapy (PPI + metronidazole + tetracycline + bismuth) is recommended, whose eradication regimen was not different between Korea and Japan. Though the treatment regimen was similar between two nations, the Japanese government declared the inclusion of H. pylori eradication in patients with H. pylori-associated chronic gastritis, reaching the conclusion that the treatment guideline became quite different between Korea and Japan from February 21, 2013. The prime rationale of the Japanese extended treatment guideline for H. pylori infection was based on the drastic intention to prevent gastric cancer as well as the improvement of chronic gastritis-associated functional dyspepsia based on their findings that H. pylori eradication might decrease gastric cancer incidence as well as mortality. In this review, the discrepancy between the Korean and Japanese treatment guidelines will be explained; why and how?

show abstract

“…Since then, efforts have been made to search for potential chemopreventive agents. Thus, numerous preclinical and population-based clinical studies have already made important progress in restraining cancer incidence and mortality [6][7][8][9][10][11]. However, the full potential of chemopreventive strategy is still far from being realized, and remains at an early stage.…”

Section: Key Problems In Chemopreventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

General Aspects of Primary Cancer Prevention

Krstić

Mijač

Popović

et al. 2019

Dig Dis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide next to cardiovascular diseases. Despite the advancement in screening, early diagnosis, and development in treatment technology in last several decades, cancer incidence overall, particularly that of gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, is far from being controlled, and is expected to increase worldwide. Summary: Although numerous preclinical and population-based clinical studies have already made important progress in restraining the overall cancer incidence and mortality, the full potential of preventive strategy is still far from being realized, and remains at an early stage. There are several major challenges regarding this issue, and one of the crucial challenges is to maintain the balance between risks and benefits. As a result of past investments, primary prevention nowadays include the integration of various activities such as lifestyle changes to reduce risk, screening to detect early lesions, vaccines and preventive therapies aimed to actively interrupt the carcinogenic pathway. Long-term aspirin use seems to have the largest potential effect on the general population on cancer incidence and mortality overall, especially GI cancers. Helicobacter pylori eradication reduces the risk for gastric cancer and is advocated regardless of the symptoms and stage of disease. Metformin and statins are promising in cancer prevention in patients with type 2 diabetes. Vitamin D supplementation is promising in the prevention of colorectal adenoma recurrence. Key Message: However, additional studies are warranted to establish the potential of various agents and to identify more specific and highly targeted new agents for chemoprevention in digestive oncology.

show abstract

Chemoprevention of Gastrointestinal Cancer: The Reality and the Dream

Cited by 15 publications

References 149 publications

Statins and gastrointestinal cancers

Statins and gastrointestinal cancers

The Korean Perspective of <b><i>Helicobacter pylori</i></b> Infection: Lessons from the Japanese Government's Policy to Prevent Gastric Cancer

General Aspects of Primary Cancer Prevention

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About