Chemoprevention of cancer: Selenium

G, Hocman

doi:10.1016/0020-711x(88)90475-2

Cited by 66 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…46] and is increasing all over the world [42]. Increasing epidemiologic evidence shows a protective role of Se in human cancers [13,21,69]. Dietary intake of Se has been recommended for nutritional cancer prophylaxis [12,25,46].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decreased Selenium Concentration and Glutathione Peroxidase Activity in Blood and Increase of These Parameters in Malignant Tissue of Lung Cancer Patients

Zachara

Marchaluk-Wiśniewska

Maciąg

et al. 1997

Lung

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We studied the selenium (Se) concentration in whole blood and plasma, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in red blood cells and plasma, as well as both of these parameters in cancerous and tumor-free lung tissue of lung cancer patients. Blood samples were taken from 84 cancer patients and 61 healthy controls. Normal and neoplastic lung tissues were obtained from 57 patients at the time of surgery. Se concentrations in whole blood and plasma were lower by 23% (p < 0.001) in patients compared with controls. GSH-Px activity in red cells was lower by 20.2% (p < 0.004) and in plasma by 11.7% (p < 0.05) in patients than in the control group. On the other hand, the tumor Se level was higher by 66.6% (p < 0.0001) and GSH Px activity by 49.5% (p < 0.0001) than in adjacent tumor-free tissue. No differences in Se concentrations and GSH-Px activities were found between squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma nor among the clinical stages of the disease. In the whole blood and plasma of cancer patients significantly lower Se concentrations were found in smokers than in nonsmokers. Significantly lower Se concentrations were also found among cancer patients who were smokers compared with controls. These findings show that in the blood of cancer the antioxidant ability, as measured by Se and GSH-Px, is reduced significantly. The cause of increased Se and GSH-Px in the malignant part of the lung is not understood and requires further studies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decreased Selenium Concentration and Glutathione Peroxidase Activity in Blood and Increase of These Parameters in Malignant Tissue of Lung Cancer Patients

Zachara

Marchaluk-Wiśniewska

Maciąg

et al. 1997

Lung

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“…Studies have shown beneficial effects for health, and it is implicated in the protection of body tissues against oxidative stress, maintenance of defences against infection, and modulation of growth and development as well as its possible anti-carcinogenic properties (Fishbein 1986;Hocman 1988;Schrauzer 1992Schrauzer , 2000Ganther 1999;Combs et al 2001;Spallholz et al 2004;Rayman 2005;Zeng et al 2005). Among the literature on selenium's beneficial effects, a review by Spallholz et al (2004) suggests that low selenium dietary intakes may be a contributory factor for arsenicosis and cancer in Bangladesh as well as in West Bengal in India.…”

Section: Selenium and Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Too much or too little? A review of the conundrum of selenium

Gore

Fawell

Bartram

2009

Journal of Water and Health

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Chemical elements such as selenium, fluoride, iron, calcium and magnesium are essential to the human being, although some are toxic when absorbed in high doses. In this paper, the risks associated with insufficient and excessive intake of selenium in the diet are reviewed, focusing on drinking water. Two different approaches are used to derive recommended nutrient intakes (RNI) for adequate nutritional status and guideline values to prevent excessive exposure. The former is based on the daily intake which meets the nutrient requirements of 97.5% of the population. The latter is a value derivation based on an assumed daily per capita consumption at the individual level, a conservative approach used where there is any uncertainty and is related to a negligible risk to health at population level across life stages. There is an increasing need to develop a conceptual framework bringing together aspects of toxicity and essentiality especially for elements apparently exhibiting narrow or overlapping ranges between essentiality and toxicity and to provide guidance on the nature and severity of risks in order to better protect human.While there are a number of frameworks available, these generally only consider food. There is a need to include water, which can be a significant source in some circumstances.

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“…Thus, minimum essential medium was utilized in the presence of the following medium supplements: epidermal growth factor (2 ng/ml), transferrin (5 g/ml), insulin (2.5 g/ml), and endothelial cell growth supplement (7.75 g/ml). In instances where the effect of added selenium was examined, selenious acid was added to the artificial serum extender at a 25 nM concentration (note: selenious acid has been previously determined to be a bioavailable and relatively nontoxic form of selenium at this concentration (Hocman, 1988)). The exposure of these cells to SIN-1 was performed identically to those described above for the serum-cultured OVCAR cells.…”

Section: Effect Of Ebselen On No-mediated Loss Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Chemistry and Tumoricidal Activity of Nitric Oxide/Hydrogen Peroxide and the Implications to Cell Resistance/Susceptibility

Farias‐Eisner¹,

Chaudhuri²,

Aeberhard

et al. 1996

Journal of Biological Chemistry

147

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The mechanism of cytotoxicity of the NO donor 3-morpholino-sydnonimine toward a human ovarian cancer cell line (OVCAR) was examined. It was found that the NO-mediated loss of cell viability was dependent on both NO and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ). Somewhat surprisingly, superoxide (O 2 . ) and its reaction product with NO, peroxynitrite ( ؊ OONO), did not appear to be directly involved in the observed NO-mediated cytotoxicity against this cancer cell line. The toxicity of NO/H 2 O 2 may be due to the production of a potent oxidant formed via a trace metal-, H 2 O 2 -, and NO-dependent process. Because the combination of NO and H 2 O 2 was found to be particularly cytotoxic, the effect of NO on cellular defense mechanisms involving H 2 O 2 degradation was investigated. It was found that NO was able to inhibit catalase activity but had no effect on the activity of the glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx)-glutathione reductase system. It might therefore be expected that cells that utilize primarily the GSHPx-glutathione reductase system for degrading H 2 O 2 would be somewhat resistant to the cytotoxic effects of NO. Consistent with this idea, it was found that ebselen, a compound with GSHPx-like activity, was able to protect cells against NO toxicity. Also, lowering endogenous GSHPx activity via selenium depletion resulted in an increased susceptibility of the target cells to NO-mediated toxicity. Thus, a possible NO/H 2 O 2 /metal-mediated mechanism for cellular toxicity is presented as well as a possible explanation for cell resistance/susceptibility to this NO-initiated process.

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Chemoprevention of cancer: Selenium

Cited by 66 publications

References 41 publications

Decreased Selenium Concentration and Glutathione Peroxidase Activity in Blood and Increase of These Parameters in Malignant Tissue of Lung Cancer Patients

Decreased Selenium Concentration and Glutathione Peroxidase Activity in Blood and Increase of These Parameters in Malignant Tissue of Lung Cancer Patients

Too much or too little? A review of the conundrum of selenium

The Chemistry and Tumoricidal Activity of Nitric Oxide/Hydrogen Peroxide and the Implications to Cell Resistance/Susceptibility

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