Chemoprevention by Fruit Phenolic Compounds

Stoner, Gary D.; Casto, Bruce C.

doi:10.1007/978-1-59259-767-3_29

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…In addition, experiments have demonstrated that many edible berries, including raspberries, impair angiogenesis 30 . We have previously examined the mechanisms of cancer prevention and the substances that contribute to cancer prevention in black raspberries and other fruits 31 . Currently, the demonstrated efficacy of black raspberries in preventing oral cancer in hamsters 32 and esophageal cancer in rats, 22 as well as adenomas of the colon in rats, 12 suggests that this fruit may prevent cancers of the gastrointestinal tract in humans.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetics of Anthocyanins and Ellagic Acid in Healthy Volunteers Fed Freeze‐Dried Black Raspberries Daily for 7 Days

Stoner

Sardo

Apseloff

et al. 2005

The Journal of Clinical Pharma

Self Cite

141

107

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Eleven subjects completed a clinical trial to determine the safety/tolerability of freeze-dried black raspberries (BRB) and to measure, in plasma and urine, specific anthocyanins-cyanidin-3-glucoside, cyanidin-3-sambubioside, cyanidin-3-rutinoside, and cyanidin-3-xylosylrutinoside, as well as ellagic acid. Subjects were fed 45 g of freeze-dried BRB daily for 7 days. Blood samples were collected predose on days 1 and 7 and at 10 time points postdose. Urine was collected for 12 hours predose on days 1 and 7 and at three 4-hour intervals postdose. Maximum concentrations of anthocyanins and ellagic acid in plasma occurred at 1 to 2 hours, and maximum quantities in urine appeared from 0 to 4 hours. Overall, less than 1% of these compounds were absorbed and excreted in urine. None of the pharmacokinetic parameters changed significantly between days 1 and 7. In conclusion, 45 g of freeze-dried BRB daily are well tolerated and result in quantifiable anthocyanins and ellagic acid in plasma and urine.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetics of Anthocyanins and Ellagic Acid in Healthy Volunteers Fed Freeze‐Dried Black Raspberries Daily for 7 Days

Stoner

Sardo

Apseloff

et al. 2005

The Journal of Clinical Pharma

Self Cite

141

107

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“…57,58 They are also implicated in the prevention of neurodegeneration, 59,60 prevention and senescence of cancer, 61,62 and bind to proteins such as caseins, 57 inhibit enzymes such as telomerase, 63 R-amylase, pepsin, trypsin, and lipase, 64 among many others, and increase endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activity by over 400%. 57 Polyphenols also induce apoptosis in cellular studies, 65,66 the primary reason given for their cancerpreventive properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to their antioxidant functions, polyphenols have numerous other biological activities, such as antihistamine activity, as well as anti-inflammatory, vasodilatory, and cardiovascular effects. , They are also implicated in the prevention of neurodegeneration, , prevention and senescence of cancer, , and bind to proteins such as caseins, inhibit enzymes such as telomerase, α-amylase, pepsin, trypsin, and lipase, among many others, and increase endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activity by over 400% . Polyphenols also induce apoptosis in cellular studies, , the primary reason given for their cancer-preventive properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting How Polyphenol Antioxidants Prevent DNA Damage by Binding to Iron

et al. 2008

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Prevention of oxidative DNA damage due to hydroxyl radical is important for the prevention and treatment of disease. Because of their widely recognized antioxidant ability, 12 polyphenolic compounds were assayed by gel electrophoresis to directly quantify the inhibition of DNA damage by polyphenols with Fe(2+) and H2O2. All of the polyphenol compounds have IC50 values ranging from 1-59 microM and inhibit 100% of DNA damage at 50-500 microM concentrations. Gel electrophoresis results with iron(II)EDTA and UV-vis spectroscopy experiments confirm that binding of the polyphenol to iron is essential for antioxidant activity. Furthermore, antioxidant potency of polyphenol compounds correlates to the pKa of the first phenolic hydrogen, representing the first predictive model of antioxidant potency based on metal-binding. Understanding this iron-coordination mechanism for polyphenol antioxidant activity will aid in the design of more-potent antioxidants to treat and prevent diseases caused by oxidative stress, and help develop structure-activity relationships for these compounds.

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“…Furthermore, polyphenols are implicated in the prevention of neurodegenerative diseases [2,40] and cancer [41]. They also induce apoptosis in cancer cells, implicating them in cancer senescence as well [42][43][44][45][46].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Antioxidant Mechanisms of Polyphenol Compounds Related to Iron Binding

Perron

Brumaghim

2009

Cell Biochem Biophys

1,076

775

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In this review, primary attention is given to the antioxidant (and prooxidant) activity of polyphenols arising from their interactions with iron both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, an overview of oxidative stress and the Fenton reaction is provided, as well as a discussion of the chemistry of iron binding by catecholate, gallate, and semiquinone ligands along with their stability constants, UV-vis spectra, stoichiometries in solution as a function of pH, rates of iron oxidation by O(2) upon polyphenol binding, and the published crystal structures for iron-polyphenol complexes. Radical scavenging mechanisms of polyphenols unrelated to iron binding, their interactions with copper, and the prooxidant activity of iron-polyphenol complexes are briefly discussed.

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Chemoprevention by Fruit Phenolic Compounds

Cited by 7 publications

References 88 publications

Pharmacokinetics of Anthocyanins and Ellagic Acid in Healthy Volunteers Fed Freeze‐Dried Black Raspberries Daily for 7 Days

Pharmacokinetics of Anthocyanins and Ellagic Acid in Healthy Volunteers Fed Freeze‐Dried Black Raspberries Daily for 7 Days

Predicting How Polyphenol Antioxidants Prevent DNA Damage by Binding to Iron

A Review of the Antioxidant Mechanisms of Polyphenol Compounds Related to Iron Binding

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