Chemometric Profile of Root Extracts of Rhodiola imbricata Edgew. with Hyphenated Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometric Technique

Abstract

Rhodiola imbricata Edgew. (Rose root or Arctic root or Golden root or Shrolo), belonging to the family Crassulaceae, is an important food crop and medicinal plant in the Indian trans-Himalayan cold desert. Chemometric profile of the n-hexane, chloroform, dichloroethane, ethyl acetate, methanol, and 60% ethanol root extracts of R. imbricata were performed by hyphenated gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC/MS) technique. GC/MS analysis was carried out using Thermo Finnigan PolarisQ Ion Trap GC/MS MS system comprising of an AS2000 liquid autosampler. Interpretation on mass spectrum of GC/MS was done using the NIST/EPA/NIH Mass Spectral Database, with NIST MS search program v.2.0g. Chemometric profile of root extracts revealed the presence of 63 phyto-chemotypes, among them, 1-pentacosanol; stigmast-5-en-3-ol, (3β,24S); 1-teracosanol; 1-henteracontanol; 17-pentatriacontene; 13-tetradecen-1-ol acetate; methyl tri-butyl ammonium chloride; bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate; 7,8-dimethylbenzocyclooctene; ethyl linoleate; 3-methoxy-5-methylphenol; hexadecanoic acid; camphor; 1,3-dimethoxybenzene; thujone; 1,3-benzenediol, 5-pentadecyl; benzenemethanol, 3-hydroxy, 5-methoxy; cholest-4-ene-3,6-dione; dodecanoic acid, 3-hydroxy; octadecane, 1-chloro; ethanone, 1-(4-hydroxyphenyl); α-tocopherol; ascaridole; campesterol; 1-dotriacontane; heptadecane, 9-hexyl were found to be present in major amount. Eventually, in the present study we have found phytosterols, terpenoids, fatty acids, fatty acid esters, alkyl halides, phenols, alcohols, ethers, alkanes, and alkenes as the major group of phyto-chemotypes in the different root extracts of R. imbricata. All these compounds identified by GC/MS analysis were further investigated for their biological activities and it was found that they possess a diverse range of positive pharmacological actions. In future, isolation of individual phyto-chemotypes and subjecting them to biological activity will definitely prove fruitful results in designing a novel drug.

Extraction optimization by response surface methodology: Purification and characterization of phytosterol from sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) rind

“…The sterols were analyzed by GC–MS according to the method of Tayade et al , with minor modifications. GC–MS analyses were performed using an Agilent (Wilmington, DE) 6890 series N 2 gas chromatograph and an Agilent 5975B mass selective detector using electron impact ionization, under the following conditions: HP‐5MS column (5% diphenyl and 95% dimethylpolysiloxane; 30 m, 0.25 mm id, 0.25 μm film; 1.0 μL injection volume; helium carrier gas at 1.00 mL/min; split ratio, splitless; injector temperature, 250°C; oven temperature, 120°C, hold for 0 min, then raised at 20°C/min to 240°C, hold for 10 min; then raised at 10°C/min to 300°C; hold for 15 min; transfer line temperature, 300°C; electron energy, 70 eV and scan range, 35–550 amu.…”

“…HPLC in combination with different detection systems has also been used to identify and quantify the major plant sterols in foods. A few publications have identified sterols without being derivatized to their trimethylsilyl and acetate derivatives by GC–MS , but there are no publications on the similar analysis of sterols in sugarcane rind.…”

Antioxidant Capacities, Phenolic Contents, and GC/MS Analysis of Rhodiola imbricata Edgew. Root Extracts from Trans‐Himalaya

“…The plant roots were washed thoroughly and cut into small pieces and shade dried at room temperature for 15 d. Then, it was finely powdered and used for extraction. The root powder (20000 mg) was taken for extraction in methanol and water by Soxhlet apparatus (Borosil GlassWorks Limited, Worli, Mumbai, India) at 40 °C as per our previous reports of sequential extraction of this plant root (Tayade and others ). The methanol and aqueous fractions were concentrated under vacuum and reduced pressure at 40 °C by circulation of cold water using thermostat maintained at 4 °C in order to minimize the degradation of thermolabile compounds, lyophilized, and stored at −80 °C freezer.…”

Effect of water, metallic ions, fatty acid and temperature on oxidative stability of 1-octacosanol from sugarcane rind

“…1-OC sample was analyzed by GC-MS according to the method of Tayade et al (2013) with minor modifications, using an Agilent (Wilmington, DE) 6890 series N 2 gas chromatograph and an Agilent 5975B mass selective detector using electron impact ionization, under the following conditions: HP-5MS column (5% diphenyl and 95% dimethylpolysiloxane; 30 m, 0.25 mm i.d., 0.25 lm film); 1.0 ll injection volume; helium carrier gas at 1.00 ml/min; split ratio, splitless; injector temperature, 250°C; oven temperature, 120°C, hold for 0 min, then raised at 20°C/ min to 240°C, hold for 10 min; then raised at 10°C/min to 300°C; hold for 15 min; transfer line temperature, 300°C; electron energy, 70 eV; and scan range, 35-550 amu. 1-OC and other phytochemicals were identified by comparison of the mass spectra fragmentation pattern with the MS data of corresponding compounds obtained from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) MS Library, Version 2005, or by mass spectra with those in the literature.…”