Chemokine receptor expression by human intestinal epithelial cells

Transepithelial transport of HIV-1 by M cells is receptor-mediated

“…4h), but not on the enterocytes of adjacent villi. The two chemokine receptors, how- ever, were expressed in the crypts of the small intestine, as already reported in the colon (21).…”

“…Initial infection with HIV-1 is usually transmitted with R5 viruses (20). Several epithelial cell lines and intestinal crypts and villi express various chemokine receptors including CXCR4 and CCR5 (21).…”

CCR5-Δ32 mutation is strongly associated with primary sclerosing cholangitis

“…14,15 Colonic epithelium shows upregulation of RANTES (regulated upon activation normal T-cell expressed and secreted), which is the natural ligand for the chemokine receptor CCR5. 16 During episodes of intestinal inflammation, CCR5 is upregulated on activated Th1-type intestinal lamina propria and intraepithelial lymphocytes as well as dendritic cells, supporting a role for this chemokine in lymphocyte recruitment to the gut. 17 CCR5 may also play a role in lymphocyte recruitment and immune responses within the liver.…”

Genetic analysis in Finnish families with inflammatory bowel disease supports linkage to chromosome 3p21

“…CCR5 has been shown to be abundantly expressed in colon epithelial cell lines and regulate proinflammatory chemokine production. 32 A naturally occurring variant of CCR5 exists, where a 32-bp deletion results in synthesis of a non-functional receptor due to generation of a premature stop codon. This D32 variant was first identified in individuals resistant to HIV-1 infection, and was subsequently associated with reduced risk of asthma, 22 possibly pointing to less liability to chronic inflammation.…”