Chemistry of the Genus Plectranthus

Abstract

This review presents the phytochemical constituents of the genus Plectranthus reported up to 1999. Only a tetrameric derivative of caffeic acid was isolated from P. japonicus, but a group of long-chain alkylphenols, of possible taxonomic significance in the genus, was also isolated. As a genus of the subfamily Nepetoideae, Plectranthus is free from iridoid glycosides and rich in essential oil (i.e. > 0.5% volatile oil on a dry weight basis). Diterpenoids are the more common secondary metabolites in Plectranthus. The majority of them are highly modified abietanoids. This seems to be similar to the pattern of diterpenoids observed for Salvia, but no clerodane diterpenoids were found in Plectranthus.

Miscellaneous Diterpenes from the Aerial Parts of Plectranthus ornatus Codd

“…The chromatographic fractionation of the n-hexane extract from the aerial parts of P. ornatus was performed, leading to the isolation of five new diterpenes which were designated as ornatins A-E (1-5), as well as the known diterpenes: coleon R (6), 14 ent-3a-hydroxycleroda-4(18), 13E-dien-15-oic acid (7), 15 plectrornatin A (8), 16 labd-13-en-8β-hydroxy-15-oic acid (9), 17 11-acetoxy-2-oxo-entcleroda-3,13E-dien-15-oic acid (10) 18 and ent-11R-acetoxy-2-oxocleroda-3,13E-dien-15-oic acid (11). 16 Compound Tables 1 and 2) of 1 were similar to those reported for the diterpenes 11-acetoxyneoclerodane, which were previously isolated of the P. ornatus.…”

“…10 Several antimicrobial labdanes, ent-clerodanes, and halimane-type diterpenoids have been previously isolated from P. ornatus. 11 As part of a multidisciplinary program, where the efforts are devoted to study medicinal plants or congeners, in order to unveil their pharmacological or biological properties, herein we describe the isolation and characterization of five new diterpenes derivatives together with six known compounds from the aerial parts of cultivated specimens of P. ornatus, as well as the results of pharmacological and biological assays with the isolated secondary metabolites (Figure 1). Ávila et al 1015 Vol.…”

Diterpenos tipo abietano isolados de Plectranthus barbatus Andrews

“…O interesse pelo estudo fitoquímico da espécie Plectranthus barbatus foi estimulado pelo amplo uso popular das folhas para tratamento de problemas digestivos 4,5 em substituição ao boldo do Chile. Espécies do gênero Plectranthus apresentam capacidade biossintética para produzir uma variedade de metabólitos secundários, destacando-se entre estes os diterpenos, inclusive alguns com propriedades biológicas comprovadas relevantes [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] . Barbatusina, ciclobutatusina 16 , 6β-Hidroxicarnosol 17 , barbatusol 18 , plectrina 19 , cariocal 20 , coleonon E, coleon F, plectrinona A, plectrinona B 21 , e 12,9(10→20)-abeo-abieta-8,11,13-trien-10β,11,12-triol 22 são constituintes identificados em P. barbatus, que apresentam importância farmacológica ou química.…”

“…O interesse pelo estudo fitoquímico da espécie Plectranthus barbatus foi estimulado pelo amplo uso popular das folhas para tratamento de problemas digestivos 4,5 em substituição ao boldo do Chile. Espécies do gênero Plectranthus apresentam capacidade biossintética para produzir uma variedade de metabólitos secundários, destacando-se entre estes os diterpenos, inclusive alguns com propriedades biológicas comprovadas relevantes [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] 21 , e 12,9(10→20)-abeo-abieta-8,11,13-trien-10β,11,12-triol 22 são constituintes identificados em P. barbatus, que apresentam importância farmacológica ou química. Por sua vez o estudo do óleo essencial da parte aérea e raízes da espécie P. barbatus apresentou α-pineno, β-felandreno, (Z)-β-ocimeno, manol e abietatrieno 23,24 .…”

Isolation and characterization of endophytic bacteria fromPlectranthus tenuiflorusmedicinal plant in Saudi Arabia desert and their antimicrobial activities

“…Plectranthus is a genus of about 300 species (Miller et al 1988;Abdel-Mogib et al 2002;Lukhoba et al 2006) that are traditionally used to treat skin, digestive, and respiratory diseases (Alsabahi et al 1999;Lukhoba et al 2006). Plectranthus tenuiflorus (Euphorbiaceae family) is one of the medical important species of the genus Plectranthus that grows naturally in the Taif province in high-altitude mountains Southwest of Saudi Arabia (Mossa et al 2000;Rahman et al 2004).…”