Chemistry of Radioactive Iodine in the Hydrosphere and in the Geosphere

Lieser, Κ. H.; Steinkopff, T.

doi:10.1524/ract.1989.46.1.49

Cited by 51 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…This supports the findings of Yoshida et al (1992) that for the organic andosol soil, iodate is sorbed by the inorganic components, unlike iodide that is sorbed by the organic components. Lieser and Steinkopff (1989) and Bors and Martens (1992) also demonstrated the importance of organic matter in iodide sorption. Overall, our studies show that organic matter in soil environments plays an important role in controlling iodine geochemistry.…”

Section: Comparison Of Iodate and Iodide Adsorption By Soilsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Adsorption and desorption of iodine by various Chinese soils: II. Iodide and iodate

et al. 2009

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Section: Comparison Of Iodate and Iodide Adsorption By Soilsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Adsorption and desorption of iodine by various Chinese soils: II. Iodide and iodate

et al. 2009

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“…2, 3) among the six radionuclides. This may be attributed to the formation of soluble Ra salts as reported by Lieser and Steinkopff (1989) that tend to be mobile in groundwater. The respective K d values for soil 2 were higher than those for soil 1 (Fig.…”

Section: Radiummentioning

confidence: 68%

A site-specific study on the measurement of sorption coefficients for radionuclides

Dalvi

Kumar

Reddy

2013

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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A study on the potential of geological media from the vicinity of the mining site in Tummalapalle region of Andhra Pradesh in India for retardation of radionuclide migration in groundwater was conducted. The studies included the measurement of sorption coefficients for six radionuclides, uranium, thorium, lead, bismuth, radium and polonium, between two groundwater simulants and two site-specific samples of geological media. Initial parametric studies involving chemical composition, pH, calcium carbonate and organic carbon contents of both geological media and ground water simulants were carried out. Significant differences in sorption coefficients were observed as a result of varying pH, calcium carbonate and presence of trace quantities of organic contents in simulant solutions. For example, uranium has a hundred fold lower distribution coefficient in the case of simulant solution having higher carbonate content. Similarly, in the case of the geological media having higher calcium carbonate and organic carbon contents, higher distribution coefficients were obtained for all radionuclides. Among the six radionuclides studied thorium showed the largest and radium the smallest distribution coefficient values for the soil samples assessed. The site-specific sorption coefficients will be used for contaminant transport study.

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“…The environmental behavior of iodine has been reviewed by others, such as Lieser and Steinkopff (1989b), , Coughtrey et al (1983), and . Iodine-129 has a half-life (t ½ ) of 1.57×l0 7 years (Tuli 2004).…”

Section: A6 Iodine-129mentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemical Processes Data Package for the Vadose Zone in the Single-Shell Tank Waste Management Areas at the Hanford Site

Cantrell¹,

Zachara²,

Dresel³

et al. 2007

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Companion reports that review other subject matter areas relevant to contaminant transport within the vadose zone beneath the SST WMAs, the IDF, and groundwater have been recently published. The specific subject areas include the geology of the SST WMAs iv contaminants released to the vadose zone exhibit a wide range of mobility behaviors. Many tank waste contaminants have been strongly retarded by adsorption and precipitation reactions (e.g., cesium, plutonium, americium, and europium), while others have remained mobile (e.g., technetium, nitrate, and selenium). Still others show variable, waste-specific behaviors (e.g., cesium [where sodium concentrations are very high], strontium, chromium, and uranium) that are closely tied to evolving composition of pore water in the sediments, and for chromium, a change in oxidation state. The temperature of in-ground tank waste has moderated by heat exchange with the subsurface sediment, and high concentrations of base (OH -) have been neutralized through reactions with sediment minerals and secondary mineral precipitation. Major geochemical features that may potentially affect the mobility of key contaminants of interest in the vadose zone include oxidation state, aqueous speciation, solubility, and adsorption reactions.Processes suspected of facilitating the far-field migration of immobile radionuclides, such as formation of stable aqueous complex formation and mobile colloids, were found to be potentially operative, but unlikely to occur in the field. An exception is the enhanced migration of cobalt-60 facilitated by the formation of highly stable aqueous-cyanide complexes. Certain fission-product oxyanions (e. • Adsorption is suppressed by large concentrations of tank waste anions (e.g., NO 3 -, OH -, and CO 3 2-)• Surface charge of clay-size minerals is negative and will therefore tend to repel anions• Unlike chromium, their less-soluble, less-mobile reduced forms are unstable in oxidizing environments.Laboratory studies conducted through PNNL's Vadose Zone Characterization Project and basic-science geochemical studies are expected to continue in partnership to provide information to further refine the conceptual model used for risk assessment modeling. Results of these studies can be used to help ascertain uncertainties associated with the refinement of the conceptual models for contaminant migration in the vadose zone beneath the single-shell tanks. Results can also provide improved parameterization, such as distribution coefficients (K d ), and mathematical constructs used by modelers to predict contaminant mobility under these conditions, and to decrease the degree of conservatism incorporated in these models.For various reasons, risk assessment models typically use various approximations to represent the conceptual model developed for the site. Adsorption is frequently approximated using empirical distribution coefficients (K d s). Although the use of empirical distribution coefficients can potentially lead to erroneous results under certain conditions where the...

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Chemistry of Radioactive Iodine in the Hydrosphere and in the Geosphere

Cited by 51 publications

References 2 publications

Adsorption and desorption of iodine by various Chinese soils: II. Iodide and iodate

Adsorption and desorption of iodine by various Chinese soils: II. Iodide and iodate

A site-specific study on the measurement of sorption coefficients for radionuclides

Geochemical Processes Data Package for the Vadose Zone in the Single-Shell Tank Waste Management Areas at the Hanford Site

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