Chemistry of materials science phenomena in high-intensity discharge light sources

Tóth, Zoltán; Lovas, H.

doi:10.1351/pac200779101771

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…SuperMINI or Short arc from GE Lighting, UHP lamps for projection systems from Philips Lighting), as shown in Fig. 6 [1,4]. In these lamps, W electrodes are operated at the temperature close to the melting point of W (3422°C).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ultra-high purity tungsten (W) (W N 99.9999 wt.%, 6N W) powder is an important raw material in lighting industries for manufacturing high performance electrodes for high intensity discharge (HID) lamps to avoid outgassing impurities and thus guarantees a consistent lamp quality and increased lifetimes [1]. More importantly, high purity W and its alloys (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultra-high purity tungsten and its applications

Song

Bai

et al. 2015

International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultra-high purity tungsten and its applications

Song

Bai

et al. 2015

International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials

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“…Despite the existing technologies used in production, they require optimization based on specialized studies of physical processes, chemical reactions and material science of substances used in the light source. In this regard, active research work in this area is already underway in the world [23][24][25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma with carbon nanoparticles: advances and application

et al. 2021

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This article is devoted to the study of the glow intensity of radio-frequency capacitive discharge plasma with nanoparticles for further use in lighting devices. The process of carbon nanoparticles synthesis in the radiofrequency discharge was investigated, and the influence of plasma parameters on the formation and growth of the material was also studied. A method for determining the diameter of nanoparticles based on self-bias voltage and electron density is considered. It is revealed that the diameter of nanoparticles has a considerable influence on the optical properties of the plasma, in particular, on the emission intensity. Based on the obtained data, laboratory samples of lighting devices with improved luminous intensities were developed.

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Analysis of the Plasma Discharge Phenomena for Ceramic Metal Halide Lamps Using Finite Element Method

Malik,

Sharma

2023

L&E

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Metal halide (MH) lamps comes under the category of high intensity discharge (HID) lamps, which involves high intensity thermal plasma discharge phenomenon. In this paper we have considered ceramic MH lamps. The plasma discharge in MH lamps is different from other plasma discharge by the velocity of all the discharge obeys Maxwellian distribution, the excited energy states are occupied by Boltzmann distribution, and composition of the plasma can be derived from local chemical equilibrium. This paper explores the temperature distribution and the immediate effects towards the life of MH lamp. The temperature profile for the MH lamp is numerically investigated using WELSIM 2.0, considering the lamp plasma model mathematical equations. Since electrode plays a significant role, influencing MH lamp life, it becomes imperative to understand the electrodes. In this context, the energy balance equation is taken into consideration. The equations are solved using finite element method. The necessary boundary condition for solution of the equation is the plasma boundary layer for the cathode heat conduction. The analysis provides the temperature distribution inside the lamp for different electrode geometry. The solutions to the equations have been pictorially investigated for the lamp starting phenomena and E/N ratio. For HID lamps in general, the improvements in HID technology are all linked to the performance of the arc tube, and within that tube, the chemical reaction, the pressure, and the temperature of the reaction. Another feature in the case of MH lamps that is worth mentioning in the determination of lamp life is the ratio between electric field to gas number density. From the above, we can draw the following conclusion that the radiation transport mechanism of the HID lamps plays a pivotal role apart from other parameters influencing the lifetime of HID lamps. The paper envisages all these aspects using PDEs, the solutions of which provide an insightful understanding of the phenomena substantially.

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Chemistry of materials science phenomena in high-intensity discharge light sources

Cited by 3 publications

References 27 publications

Ultra-high purity tungsten and its applications

Ultra-high purity tungsten and its applications

Plasma with carbon nanoparticles: advances and application

Analysis of the Plasma Discharge Phenomena for Ceramic Metal Halide Lamps Using Finite Element Method

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