Chemistry, Growth, and Fate of the Unique, Short‐Lived (2019–2020) Water Lake at the Summit of Kīlauea Volcano, Hawaii
P. A. Nadeau,
S. Hurwitz,
S. Peek
et al.
Abstract:Less than a year after the 2018 Kīlauea caldera collapse and eruption, water appeared in newly deepened Halemaʻumaʻu crater. The lake—unprecedented in the written record—grew to a depth of ∼50 m before lava from the December 2020 eruption boiled it away. Surface water heightened concerns of potential phreatic or phreatomagmatic explosions but also offered a new means of possibly identifying eruption precursors. The U.S. Geological Survey Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO) monitored the lake via direct visual o… Show more
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