Chemistry and Biology of the Acylneuraminic Acids

Schauer, Roland

doi:10.1002/anie.197301271

Cited by 100 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 147 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…3). Although Neu5Gc makes up most of the SAs found on bovine RBCs [18,19], there is a possibility that only small amounts of Neu5Ac on bovine RBCs are also utilized in the RBC invasion by B. bovis. This is supported by the fact that human RBCs, which normally contain Neu5Ac but not Neu5Gc, were more efficiently invaded by B. bovis than bovine RBCs [7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Involvement of a Host Erythrocyte Sialic Acid Content in Babesia bovis Infection

Takabatake

Okamura

Yokoyama

et al. 2007

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT. Host sialic acid (SA) has recently been suggested to play an important role in erythrocyte (RBC) infection by Babesia spp. The present study attempted to further determine the specific type of SAs important in the RBC invasion. Bovine RBC was found to bear abundant α2-3-linked SA residues but not α2-6-linked SA in nature, confirmed by flow cytometric analysis of the neuraminidase (Nm)-treated RBCs. Lectin-blot analyses revealed the removal of α2-3-linked SAs from the 97-, 33-, and 31-kDa bands by the Nm treatment. Addition of the Nm-treated RBCs into an in vitro culture of B. bovis resulted in a decreased population of the parasitized RBCs. The thin smear samples from the cultures were then observed under a confocal laser scanning microscope after staining with the α2-3-linked SA-specific lectin: a selective invasion of B. bovis was found only in the intact RBCs bearing the SAs, but not in the desialylated RBCs. Furthermore, a significant reduction of the parasitized RBCs was also observed in the culture supplemented with exogenous 3'-sialyllactose containing the α2-3-linked SAs. However, the complete inhibition of parasite proliferation was not achieved in the culture. These findings indicate that while the α2-3-linked SA-dependent pathway is needed for highly efficient invasion of host RBCs by B. bovis, there might also be other potential alternative pathways. KEY WORDS: Babesia bovis, erythrocyte, invasion, sialic acid.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 69(10): 999-1004, 2007 Babesia bovis, a hemoprotozoan parasite invading and replicating within bovine erythrocytes (red blood cells; RBCs), causes a serious disease characterized by fever, anemia, hypotensive shock syndrome, and, in severe cases, a fetal cerebral disease with a high mortality rate [9,28]. Therefore, the spread of B. bovis infection results in great economic losses all over the world [2]. Much effort has so far been directed to the development of effective control strategies, including vaccination and chemotherapy against the bovine babesiosis [3, 26]. However, since detailed information about the molecular interactions between Babesia parasites and the host RBCs is limited, the control of babesiosis is still insufficient.Recently, sialic acids (SAs), which are the terminal or subterminal non-reducing units attached to the underlying galactose residues of many sialoglycoproteins on the host cell membrane [24], have been shown to play an important role in RBC invasion by Babesia parasites [7,12,33]. Gaffar et al. [7] reported that the SA residues, regardless of the type of linkages (α2-3-and α2-6-linkages), are important in the RBC invasion by B. bovis and that B. bovis can invade not only bovine RBCs but also human and other animal RBCs in an SA-dependent manner. Interestingly, our recent study suggested that the host SAs are important not only for RBC invasion by B. caballi but also for the intraerythrocytic maturation of B. equi [16]. However, the knowledge of molecular interaction between Babesia parasites and host SAs is still limited. The present...

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Involvement of a Host Erythrocyte Sialic Acid Content in Babesia bovis Infection

Takabatake

Okamura

Yokoyama

et al. 2007

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Sialic acid also occurs in its free form in Downloaded by [New York University] at 11:26 03 July 2015 ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT 5 the human body, including in breast milk, and is present in other nutritional sources. As the terminal sugar of glycans, sialic acid has long been recognized to play important biological roles in phenomena connected to mucus viscosity, proteolytic protection of proteins, cell-cell recognition, reproduction, infection, immunity and cognitive development (Cohen and Varki, 2010, Chen and Varki, 2010, Lewis and Varki, 2009, Varki, 2008, Varki and Varki, 2007, Bianco and Melchioni, 2002, Schauer, 2001, Traving and Schauer, 1998, Kiss and Rougon, 1997, Kelm and Schauer, 1997, Schauer, 1973. The current available scientific and nutritional information on this HMM is summarized in this review and potential roles of the free form are also discussed along with cases of increased need (i.e., when endogenous biosynthesis may be unable to provide optimal amounts of sialic acid).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The nutritional role of free sialic acid, a human milk monosaccharide, and its application as a functional food ingredient

Röhrig¹,

Choi

Baldwin

2016

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

N-Acetyl-d-neuraminic acid (NANA), more commonly known by its trivial name sialic acid, is an endogenous human and ubiquitous nutritional monosaccharide. As a bound sugar at the terminal positions of glycans NANA is known to play important roles in many biological events. The data that exist on the occurrence of the free monosaccharide in breast milk and nutrition, however, are less commonly discussed. In most foods of animal origin, sialic acid occurs as a mixture of NANA and N-glycolyl-d-neuraminic acid (NGNA), a hydroxylated derivative of NANA that is not found in humans. The dietary intake of NGNA has been identified as a risk factor for long-term adverse health effects. Therefore, we present summaries on the biochemistry, metabolism, bioavailability, and the data on NANA and NGNA levels that occur in diverse foods. Finally, we discuss the emerging data demonstrating that free NANA is linked to positive nutritional effects including pronounced antioxidative properties. These data and the extremely high safety profile of NANA justify dietary enrichment at levels that correspond to the dietary intake of NANA in infants through breast milk.

show abstract

“…In man, N-acetylneuraminic acid (NeuAc) is the principal type, while in many other mammals, N-glycolylneuraminic acid (NeuGc) and NeuAc occur together in var ious ratios that vary according to species and tissues [12]. Yu and Ledeen [16] have reported that 50°/o of neuraminic acid in bovine plasma ganglioside was NeuGc while human plasma ganglioside contained only the NeuAc derivative.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the Hanganutziu-Deicher (Serum-Sickness) Antigen as Gangliosides Containing N-Glycolylneuraminic Acid

Merrick

Zadarlik

Milgrom³

1978

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

127

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Gangliosides that possess the same sugar sequence but differing in the type of sialic acid (N-acetyl- or N-glycolylneuraminic acid) were compared for their reactivity with Hanganutziu-Deicher (‘serum sickness’) antibodies by double-diffusion gel precipitation tests. Only N-glycolylneuraminic acid containing gangliosides formed precipitation lines with Hanganutziu-Deicher antibodies, thus suggesting that Hanganutziu-Deicher antigens are gangliosides that contain N-glycolylneuraminic acid.

show abstract

Chemistry and Biology of the Acylneuraminic Acids

Cited by 100 publications

References 147 publications

Involvement of a Host Erythrocyte Sialic Acid Content in Babesia bovis Infection

Involvement of a Host Erythrocyte Sialic Acid Content in Babesia bovis Infection

The nutritional role of free sialic acid, a human milk monosaccharide, and its application as a functional food ingredient

Characterization of the Hanganutziu-Deicher (Serum-Sickness) Antigen as Gangliosides Containing N-Glycolylneuraminic Acid

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About