Chemiosomotic flow in a soft conical nanopore: harvesting enhanced blue energy

Pandey, Doyel; Mondal, Pranab Kumar

doi:10.1039/d2sm01096h

Cited by 10 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Now, considering the reaction of functional group (−COOH) with H + -ion in PEL: −COOH ↔ −COO – + H + and − normalN normalH 3 + ↔ − normalN normalH 2 + normalH + ; we can write the expression of σ PEL (in C/m 3 ) as , σ normalP normalE normalL = 10 18 F N normalA [ − K A Γ A K A + false[ normalH + false] + Γ B K B + false[ normalH + false] ] / t p Here, normalΓ normalA = normalΓ − normalC normalO normalO normalH + normalΓ − normalC normalO normalO − and …”

Section: Mathematical Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Now, the Nernst–Planck equation for ionic species transport can be written as normal∇ · J⃗ ± = 0 Here, the total ionic flux of cation and anion ( J⃗ i ) due to the contribution of diffusion, electromigration, and convection, is presented as , J⃗ i = prefix− ( D i ∇⃗ c i + z i F c i true( D i normalR normalT ∇⃗ ( ψ ) true) ) + boldu⃗ c i Here, i = 1, 2, 3 and 4 used for salt cation, salt anion, H + , and OH – ions, respectively.…”

Section: Mathematical Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Note that the voltage difference is less than E diff as some amount of potential drop is instigated by R pore . Hence, we get the expression as: , V normalp normalo normalr normale = E normald normali normalf normalf − I normalp normalo normalr normale R normalp normalo normalr normale …”

Section: Mathematical Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Now, the maximum pore current will be open circuit current ( I OS = E diff / R pore ) when external load is zero, and the open circuit current can be expressed as , I normalO normalS = prefix∫ F ( ∑ i = 1 4 z i J⃗ i ) · boldn .25em normald s Here, d s is the elemental cross-sectional area for 100 nm width of the nanochannel.…”

Section: Mathematical Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The direction of the pH- and salinity gradient altogether has a significant impact on power generation as well, demonstrating comparative production of higher power in co-direction conditions than the reverse direction configurations . It is worth mentioning here that the impact of the pH-tunable polyelectrolyte layers (PEL) on blue energy harvesting inside the nanopore has also been investigated recently …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Salinity Gradient-Induced Power Generation in Nanochannels: The Role of pH-Sensitive Polyelectrolyte Layers

2023

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By varying the pH values (pH R ) and types of salt solution, we investigate the salinity gradient-induced electrical and mechanical flow energies inside a reservoir-connected charged nanochannel with a grafted pH-sensitive polyelectrolyte layer (PEL) on the inner surfaces. The aqueous solutions of KCl, LiCl, BaCl 2 , BeCl 2 , AlCl 3 , and Co(en) 3 Cl 3 salts are used as the working fluid in the current investigation. We examine the associated ionic transport and flow field, aiming to understand the underlying physics behind the generation of electrical and hydraulic energy through alterations in pH R and types of salt solution. Our results reveal that the PEL space charge density decreases with increasing pH R at lower values, while it remains almost insensitive to higher pH R values. The electrical conductance and maximum pore power of the Co(en) 3 Cl 3 solution are significantly higher compared to salts with monovalent and divalent cations. Furthermore, the magnitude of these two parameters decreases with lower pH R and becomes insensitive to higher pH R values. The results illustrate that the maximum electrical energy conversion efficiency enhances with pH R , reaching its highest level for the Co(en) 3 Cl 3 solution. We expect that the findings of the current work will have a significant bearing on the design and development of a state-of-the-art salinity gradient-based energy convertor as a potential candidate for renewable energy sources.

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