ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Methanol. Part 1. Catalysts and Kinetics

Chinchen, G.C.; Denny, P. J.; Jennings, J. R.; Spencer, Michael S.; Waugh, Kenneth C.

doi:10.1002/chin.198822352

Cited by 47 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…The need to develop alternative sources of liquid fuels has led to renewed interest in developing catalysts for the efficient conversion of synthesis or ''syn'' gas (CO + H2), derived from biomass, coal, and natural gas, to simple alcohols and higher oxygenates [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. Currently, the only industrially applied process involves syngas conversion to methanol over a Cu-based catalyst (CuZnO/Al2O3) at temperatures above 500 K [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, the only industrially applied process involves syngas conversion to methanol over a Cu-based catalyst (CuZnO/Al2O3) at temperatures above 500 K [1]. While Cu-based catalysts are effective for methanol synthesis, they have poor performance for the production of ethanol and other C2+ oxygenates, which is desirable for its higher energy density, ease of handling, and nontoxicity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of Fe–Rh alloying on CO hydrogenation to C2+ oxygenates

Palomino

Magee

Llorca³

et al. 2015

Journal of Catalysis

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a b s t r a c t A combination of reactivity and structural studies using X-ray diffraction (XRD), pair distribution function (PDF), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to identify the active phases of Fe-modified Rh/TiO2 catalysts for the synthesis of ethanol and other C2+ oxygenates from CO hydrogenation. XRD and TEM confirm the existence of Fe-Rh alloys for catalyst with 1-7 wt% Fe and '""2 wt% Rh. Rietveld refinements show that FeRh alloy content increases with Fe loading up to '""4 wt%, beyond which segregation to metallic Fe becomes favored over alloy formation. Catalysts that contain Fe metal after reduction exhibit some carburization as evidenced by the formation of small amounts of Fe3C during CO hydrogenation. Analysis of the total Fe content of the catalysts also suggests the presence of FeOx also increased under reaction conditions. Reactivity studies show that enhancement of ethanol selectivity with Fe loading is accompanied by a significant drop in CO conversion. Comparison of the XRD phase analyses with selectivity suggests that higher ethanol selectivity is correlated with the presence of Fe-Rh alloy phases. Overall, the interface between Fe and Rh serves to enhance the selectivity of ethanol, but suppresses the activity of the catalyst which is attributed to the blocking or modifying of Rh active sites.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of Fe–Rh alloying on CO hydrogenation to C2+ oxygenates

Palomino

Magee

Llorca³

et al. 2015

Journal of Catalysis

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“…However, Cu alone is not enough in methanol synthesis from CO 2 hydrogenation (Chinchen et al, 1986;Fujitani and Nakamura, 2000;Oguchi et al, 2005a, b). Al 2 O 3 acts as a refractory oxide and structural promoter to increase the total surface area of catalyst, the distribution of Cu on surface, and the mechanical stability of composite, which can stabilize the Cu/ZnO structure and retard the sintering of Cu particles (Bart and Sneeden, 1987;Chinchen et al, 1988;Toyir et al, 2001b;Wang et al, 2013). However, a negative effect of water was observed due to the hydrophilic nature of the support Al 2 O 3 (Bando et al, 1997;Inui et al, 1997;Bonura et al, 2011).…”

Section: Methanolmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review: CO2 Utilization

Huang

Tan

2014

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

315

134

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Global warming due to the accumulation of atmospheric CO 2 has received widespread attention in recent years. Although various CO 2 capture technologies have been proposed, using the captured CO 2 from power plants is increasingly popular because of concerns with regard to the safety of underground and ocean CO 2 storage. Various techniques related to utilization of CO 2 from the exhausted gas of power plants are discussed in this article. The existing and under-development technologies for CO 2 utilization in the world are briefly reviewed. Two categories, direct utilization of CO 2 and conversion of CO 2 to chemicals and energy products, are used to classify different forms of CO 2 utilization. Regarding the direct utilization of CO 2 , in addition to its use in soft drinks, welding, foaming, and propellants, as well as the use of supercritical CO 2 as a solvent, CO 2 capture via photosynthesis to directly fix carbon into microalgae has also attracted the attention of researchers. The conversion of CO 2 into chemicals and energy products via this approach is a promising way to not only reduce the CO 2 emissions, but also generate more economic value. Since CO 2 is just a source of carbon without hydrogen, a clean, sustainable and cheap source of hydrogen should be developed. This article reviews the literature on the production of biofuel from microalgae cultivated using captured CO 2 , the conversion of CO 2 with hydrogen to chemicals and energy products, and sustainable and clean sources of hydrogen, in order to demonstrate the potential of CO 2 utilization.

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“…Methanol is one of the three most important products produced thru the chemical industries world from which too many materials derived [1,2]. Due to shortage of energy resources foreseeable in future, the direct use of the methanol as a clean fuel in such places as in fuel cells and hydrogen production is an issue under serious considerations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of the Methanol Synthesis Catalyst Deactivation in a Spherical Bed Reactor: An Environmental Challenge

et al. 2014

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Catalyst deactivation and its environmental consequences are believed to be an important issue seriously needed to be dealt with. In this study, a mathematical model of a spherical bed along with the catalyst deactivation in a long-term operation period for the methanol synthesis was investigated. The inside space of the two spheres reactor configuration was filled with the catalyst. The materials in the outer surface of the inner hemisphere were understudied. The equations solved at two dynamic and static levels via the finite difference method. It was revealed that, the resulting pressure drop as well as operation costs might have been lowered while the production capacity enhanced in comparison with the conventional reactors and overall leading to better environment protections. Furthermore, the analysis of the catalyst deactivation behavior indicated that a series of parameters including the reactor temperature and size, as well as the entering carbon monoxide and feed rates played an important role in the catalyst deactivation.

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ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Methanol. Part 1. Catalysts and Kinetics

Abstract: ChemInform Abstract (195 refs.).

Cited by 47 publications

References 1 publication

The effect of Fe–Rh alloying on CO hydrogenation to C2+ oxygenates

The effect of Fe–Rh alloying on CO hydrogenation to C2+ oxygenates

A Review: CO2 Utilization

Modeling of the Methanol Synthesis Catalyst Deactivation in a Spherical Bed Reactor: An Environmental Challenge

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