Macrocyclic Hedgehog (Hh) pathway inhibitors have been
discovered
with improved potency and maximal inhibition relative to the previously
reported macrocycle robotnikinin. Analogues were prepared using a
modular and efficient build-couple-pair (BCP) approach, with a ring-closing
metathesis step to form the macrocyclic ring. Varying the position
of the macrocycle nitrogen and oxygen atoms provided inhibitors with
improved activity in cellular assays; the most potent analogue was 29 (BRD-6851), with an IC50 of 0.4 μM against
C3H10T1/2 cells undergoing Hh-induced activation, as measured by Gli1 transcription and alkaline phosphatase induction. Studies
with Patched knockout (Ptch–/–) cells and competition studies with the Smoothened (Smo) agonists
SAG and purmorphamine demonstrate that in contrast to robotnikinin,
select analogues are Smo antagonists.