The results of X-ray study of 2-(N-acetyl-N-3-nitrophenylaminomethylene)-3-(2 H)benzo[b]thiophenone (I.R 1 = CH 3 , R 2 = 3-NO z ) and the photoisomer N-(3-nitrophenyl)-3-acetoxi-2-benzo[b]thiophenaldiamine (II, R^CHj, R 2 = 3-N0 2 ) obtained from the former by UVirradiation in solution are described. (I) belongs to the centrosymmetric space group P2Jc with a = 14.503 (17)A, b = 14.459(12)A, c = 7.666(6)A, β = 99 ° 52' (5') and Ζ = 4. (II) belongs to noncentrosymmetric space group Fddl with a = 28.950(24) A, b = 41.552(18), c = 5.099(6) A, and Ζ = 16. The structures were solved by direct methods from diffractometer data measured with CuA^a radiation and refined to final R indexes of 0.045 for the 955 observed terms for (I) and (II), respectively. The possible mechanisms of photochromic reactions are discussed.Recently the results of photochemical study and of quantum chemical calculations of new photochromic systems based on 2-(N-acyl-N-arylaminemethylene)-3(2 H)benzo [b]thiophenones with reversible acetyl groups migration were presented [1]. The mechanism of photochromic reaction proposed involves Ζ -* Ε isomerization of the initial compound, for example, (la) and