ChemInform Abstract: PHOTODECOMPOSITION OF MIREX ON SILICA GEL CHROMATOPLATES EXPOSED TO NATURAL AND ARTIFICIAL LIGHT

Ivie, Glen W.; Dorough, H. W.; Alley, Earl G.

doi:10.1002/chin.197517153

Cited by 6 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Any 5b-hydroCLD detected in the environment must then necessarily come from a man-made bishomocubane structure. It is known that 5b-hydroCLD may be formed by photoreaction with sunlight of the perchlorinated bishomocubane pesticides, Mirex (C 10 Cl 12 ) and CLD (Ivie et al 1974) and so also from a compound such as Kelevan that is a source of CLD upon breakdown of the bond connecting its CLD and levulinate moieties (Maier-Bode 1976). However, there is no evidence that Kelevan has ever been used in the FWI.…”

Section: Different Physical Behaviour Of 5b-hydrocld and Cld Resultinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As an example, in the USA, only 2.2 and 8.5 % of Mirex spreads in a field in 1962, at a concentration of 1 ppm, were recovered 12 years later in the soils of this field under the form of CLD and 5b-hydromirex, respectively (Carlson et al 1976), which are known precursors of 5b-hydroCLD under the action of light and UV Ivie et al 1974). The production of 5b-hydroCLD from these compounds occurs, however, with an extremely slow kinetics, even when sunlight exposure is optimum (Ivie et al 1974), which is obviously not the case of a compound buried in soil.…”

Section: Different Physical Behaviour Of 5b-hydrocld and Cld Resultinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For four decades now, it has been established for instance that 5b-hydroCLD can be formed from CLD by photoreaction with UV light ) and most probably also under the action of sunlight (Ivie et al 1974). Such a photoreaction would, of course, be restricted to the soil surface.…”

Section: Potential Formation Of 5b-hydrocld By Cld Dechlorinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mrema et al 2013;Stockholm convention website 2015). Mirex was expected to oxidize to CLD by photolysis (Ivie et al 1974;Carlson et al 1976). Contamination by CLD was reported in French Polynesia for coral fish (Roche et al 2011) and in whitespotted bamboo shark (Chiloscyllium plagiosum), fished near Hong Kong (Cornish et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Natural transformation of chlordecone into 5b-hydrochlordecone in French West Indies soils: statistical evidence for investigating long-term persistence of organic pollutants

Devault

Laplanche

Pascaline³

et al. 2015

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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OATAO is an open access repository that collects the work of Toulouse researchers and makes it freely available over the web where possible. This is an author-deposited version published in : http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/ Eprints ID : 15973 Abstract Chlordecone (CLD) was an organochlorine insecticide whose previous use resulted in an extensive pollution of the environment with severe health effects and social consequences. A closely related compound, 5b-hydrochlordecone (5b-hydroCLD), has been searched for and often detected in environmental matrices from the geographical area where CLD was applied. The current consensus considered that its presence was not the result of a biotic or abiotic dechlorination of CLD in these matrices but rather the consequence of its presence as impurity (synthesis by-product) in the CLD released into the environment. The aim of the present study was to determine if and to what extent degradation of CLD into 5b-hydroCLD occurred in the field. To test this hypothesis, the ratios of 5b-hydroCLD and CLD concentrations in a dataset of 810 soils collected between 2006 and 2012 in Martinique were compared to the ratios measured in 3 samples of the CLD dust commercial formulations applied in the banana fields of French West Indies (FWI) and 1 sample of the technical-grade CLD corresponding to the active ingredient used in such formulations. Soil data were processed with a hierarchical Bayesian model to account for random measurement errors and data censoring. Any pathway of CLD transformation into 5b-hydroCLD occurring over the long term in FWI soils would indeed change the ratio of 5b-hydroCLD/ CLD compared to what it was in the initially applied formulations. Results showed a significant increase of the 5b-hydroCLD/CLD ratio in the soils-25 times greater in soil than in commercial formulations-which suggested that natural CLD transformation into 5b-hydroCLD over the long term occurred in these soils. Results from this study may impact future decisions for the remediation of the polluted areas.

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Section: Different Physical Behaviour Of 5b-hydrocld and Cld Resultinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Different Physical Behaviour Of 5b-hydrocld and Cld Resultinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Potential Formation Of 5b-hydrocld By Cld Dechlorinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Natural transformation of chlordecone into 5b-hydrochlordecone in French West Indies soils: statistical evidence for investigating long-term persistence of organic pollutants

Devault

Laplanche

Pascaline³

et al. 2015

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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“…Photomirex is not a commercial product, but chlordecone was marketed as an insecticide until 1976, when severe health and environmental effects were identified at its production site in Hopewell, VA (16). Photomirex has been identified as a contaminant of fish in Lake Ontario, presumably as a result of mirex production at Niagara Falls, NY (1) and subsequent exposure of the mirex to UV light (17). In addition to their close chemical relationship, both mirex and chlordecone are highly lipophilic, highly persistent, and carcinogenic (3,(18)(19)(20).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of mirex, photomirex and chlordecone in the terrestrial aquatic laboratory model ecosystem.

Francis

Metcalf

1984

Environ Health Perspect

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The insecticides mirex and chlordecone and the mirex photodegradation product, photomirex, were evaluated in a terrestrial aquatic laboratory model ecosystem. Although chlordecone was to some extent degraded during the 33 days, neither mirex nor photomirex produced identifiable levels of decomposition products in the water or in any of the organisms of the model ecosystem. All three compounds accumulated significantly in the organisms of the model ecosystem, with chlordecone the least bioaccumulative and photomirex the most bioaccumulative.

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Mirex incorporation in the environment:In Situ decomposition of fire ant bait and its effects on two soil macroarthropods

Cruz

Lue

1978

Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol.

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The decomposition rate of fire ant baits and the consequent leaching of the pesticide mirex from the bait were investigated for one year in three types of environments (i.e., on the ground, in the soil, and in the pond) by means of the nylon litter bag method. There was no significant difference in the decomposition rates between toxic and non-toxic baits. The bait proved to be stable and slow to decay. After one year of exposure in the field, about 75% of bait material remained in the bags that were deployed on the ground, 60% in the soil, and 25% in the pond. The removal of mirex from the bait was due to leaching from, and natural decay of the bait. The loss of mirex from the bait to the environment varied significantly among the three habitats. At the end of 12 months, mirex disappearance from baits exposed on the ground was 41.1%, in the soil 56.3%, and in the pond 83.9%. The rate of mirex loss was slower during fall and winter. The toxicities of the bait decomposed in situ for different lengths of time (12, 9, 6, 3, and 0 months) to the land isopod Armadillidium vulgare and the soil millipede oxidus gracilis were higher than the undecomposed baits. This indicated that weathered mirex baits left in the field have greater biological impact than freshly applied baits, at least on the two soil animals tested.

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ChemInform Abstract: PHOTODECOMPOSITION OF MIREX ON SILICA GEL CHROMATOPLATES EXPOSED TO NATURAL AND ARTIFICIAL LIGHT

Cited by 6 publications

References 1 publication

Natural transformation of chlordecone into 5b-hydrochlordecone in French West Indies soils: statistical evidence for investigating long-term persistence of organic pollutants

Natural transformation of chlordecone into 5b-hydrochlordecone in French West Indies soils: statistical evidence for investigating long-term persistence of organic pollutants

Evaluation of mirex, photomirex and chlordecone in the terrestrial aquatic laboratory model ecosystem.

Mirex incorporation in the environment:In Situ decomposition of fire ant bait and its effects on two soil macroarthropods

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