ChemInform Abstract: Multivariate Synthesis of Tin Phosphide Nanoparticles: Temperature, Time, and Ligand Control of Size, Shape, and Crystal Structure.

Tallapally, Venkatesham; Esteves, Richard J Alan; Nahar, Lamia; Arachchige, Indika U.

doi:10.1002/chin.201642016

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…The peak at 137.9 eV can be attributed to the P 5+ surface oxide (Figure S5b). 47 Two peaks with binding energies of 496.2 and 487.4 eV were 3d 3/2 and 3d 5/2 in the Sn 3d spectrum, which were consistent with the Sn 4+ (Figure S5c). 47,48 The species at 486.4 and 494.9 eV are assigned to Sn 2+ .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 62%

“…47 Two peaks with binding energies of 496.2 and 487.4 eV were 3d 3/2 and 3d 5/2 in the Sn 3d spectrum, which were consistent with the Sn 4+ (Figure S5c). 47,48 The species at 486.4 and 494.9 eV are assigned to Sn 2+ . 47 Galvanostatic discharge−charge tests were carried out to evaluate the electrochemical performance of the Sn 3 P 4 / Sn 4 P 3 @C composite anodes (Figure 2a).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 62%

“…47,48 The species at 486.4 and 494.9 eV are assigned to Sn 2+ . 47 Galvanostatic discharge−charge tests were carried out to evaluate the electrochemical performance of the Sn 3 P 4 / Sn 4 P 3 @C composite anodes (Figure 2a). Clearly, in contrast to the Sn 3 P 4 -based anode with the PVDF binder (Figure S8), the anodes combined with CMC-Na demonstrate a higher reversibility of discharge/charge capacities after the first cycle (Figure 2a and Figure S15).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Layered Tin Phosphide Composites as Promising Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Liu

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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Tin phosphides have garnered considerable attention as promising anode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to their high theoretical capacities and earth abundance of constituent elements. Particularly, the rhombohedral Sn3P4 compound, a long-proven phase of tin phosphides, remains unexplored for LIBs. In this study, a solid-state reaction was employed to prepare Sn3P4-based composites as anodes for LIBs. The layered Sn3P4/Sn4P3 composite with the highest Sn3P4 percentage of 80.5% shows an impressive electrochemical performance when carboxymethylcellulose sodium and super P were adopted as the binder and conductive agent, respectively. The higher theoretical capacity of the dominated Sn3P4 in the composites compared to Sn4P3 and the enhanced charge transfer with carbon coating contribute to the improved rate capability and cycle life of Sn3P4/Sn4P3@C composites. Specifically, the resultant Sn3P4/Sn4P3@C anode shows a highly reversible capacity (1140 mAh g–1 at 0.1 A g–1 after the initial five cycles), a considerable rate capability (750 mAh g–1 at 2.0 A g–1), and a good durability (513 mAh g–1 after 100 cycles at 1.0 A g–1). The intrinsic composition of Sn and P coupled with the layered structure accounts for such a superior Li-storage performance. Our findings indicate that layered Sn3P4-based materials are promising candidate anodes for next-generation LIBs.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 62%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 62%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Layered Tin Phosphide Composites as Promising Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Liu

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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“…The peak located at 138.7 eV corresponds to P 5+ surface oxides 26 because of the oxidation of poorly passivated phosphorus on the sample surface in air. 32 The P 2p spectrum of the SnP 0.94 /RGO composite is similar to that of Sn x P y /RGO, except that the peak position is shifted. Figure 1e gives the high-resolution XPS spectra of Sn 3d for the prepared samples.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…Compared to that of Sn/RGO, the Sn 3d peaks in the SnP 0.94 /RGO and Sn x P y /RGO nanocomposites shifted slightly to higher energy regions, indicating that the valence of Sn in Sn 4 P 3 and SnP 0.94 was higher. New peaks for Sn 2+ (located at 486.7 and 495.1 eV) 25 exist in the SnP 0.94 / RGO nanocomposite, and peaks for Sn 2+ (located at 487.2 and 495.6 eV) 25 and Sn 4+ (located at 488.2 and 496.4 eV) 32,35 can be found in the Sn x P y /RGO nanocomposite, indicating the coexistence of Sn 4 P 3 and SnP 0.94 .…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Sn_xP_y Nanoplate/Reduced Graphene Oxide Composites as Anode Materials for Lithium-/Sodium-Ion Batteries

Kong

Yao

Shao

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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To obtain high reversible capacity and long-term cycling performance in Sn-based phosphide anodes for lithium-/ sodium-ion batteries (LIBs/SIBs), the tin phosphide nanoplate with the multiphase grown on reduced graphene oxide (Sn x P y / RGO) has been synthesized through the phosphorization process. SnP 0.94 /RGO and Sn x P y /RGO can be accurately obtained by controlling the heating rate and the amount of the phosphorus source. Benefiting from the multiphase synergistic effect, the structural stability of Sn x P y /RGO was improved, along with the high reversibility of conversion reactions in Sn 4 P 3 being promoted. As a result, the Sn x P y /RGO electrode delivers a superior Li storage capacity (713.5 mA h g −1 after 1400 cycles at 2.0 A g −1 ), which demonstrates the greatest cyclability reported so far on Sn-based phosphide anodes for LIBs, and a superior Na storage capacity (421.8 mA h g −1 after 100 cycles at 500 mA g −1 ). The multiphase hybrid design strategy can promote the practical application of Sn-based phosphides in LIBs/SIBs or catalysis.

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Triphenyl Phosphite as the Phosphorus Source for the Scalable and Cost-Effective Production of Transition Metal Phosphides

et al. 2018

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Transition metal phosphides have great potential to optimize a number of functionalities in several energy conversion and storage applications, particularly when nanostructured or in nanoparticle form. However, the synthesis of transition metal phosphide nanoparticles and its scalability is often limited by the toxicity, air sensitivity and high cost of the reagents used. We present here a simple, scalable and cost-effective 'heating up' procedure to produce metal phosphides using inexpensive, lowtoxicity and air-stable triphenyl phosphite as source of phosphorous and chlorides as metal precursors. This procedure allows the synthesis of a variety of phosphide nanoparticles, including phosphides of Ni, Co and Cu. The use of carbonyl metal precursors further allowed the synthesis of Fe 2 P and MoP nanoparticles. The fact that minor modifications in the experimental parameters allowed producing nanoparticles with different compositions and even to tune their size and shape, shows the high potential and versatility of the triphenyl phosphite precursor and the presented method. We also detail here a methodology to displace organic ligands from the surface of phosphide nanoparticles which is a key step towards their application in energy conversion and storage systems. 1. INTRODUTION Transition metal phosphides (TMP) are widely used in ion battery anodes 1-4 , as absorbers in photovoltaics 5 , supercapacitors 6 and as a catalysts in several processes including hydroprocessing 7-13 , water-gas-shift reaction, 14 and water splitting, 15-19 replacing costly and scarce noble metal catalysts. In spite of their high potential, reports on catalytic properties of fairly well-shaped phosphide nanoparticles (NPs) are scarce, 13, 20-27 and generally carbon based nanostructures, decorated with phosphide nanoparticles have been tested as catalysts. Actually, very few routes for the synthesis of TMP nanoparticles with some control over their parameters exist. 28,29 These previous works described the synthesis of phosphides of

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ChemInform Abstract: Multivariate Synthesis of Tin Phosphide Nanoparticles: Temperature, Time, and Ligand Control of Size, Shape, and Crystal Structure.

Abstract: Narrowly disperse rhombohedral Sn4P3 (I), hexagonal SnP (II), and trigonal Sn3P4 (III) nanoparticles (NPs) are prepared by size‐, shape‐, and phase‐controlled colloidal synthesis.

Cited by 8 publications

References 1 publication

Layered Tin Phosphide Composites as Promising Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Layered Tin Phosphide Composites as Promising Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Sn_xP_y Nanoplate/Reduced Graphene Oxide Composites as Anode Materials for Lithium-/Sodium-Ion Batteries

Triphenyl Phosphite as the Phosphorus Source for the Scalable and Cost-Effective Production of Transition Metal Phosphides

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ChemInform Abstract: Multivariate Synthesis of Tin Phosphide Nanoparticles: Temperature, Time, and Ligand Control of Size, Shape, and Crystal Structure.

Abstract: Narrowly disperse rhombohedral Sn4P3 (I), hexagonal SnP (II), and trigonal Sn3P4 (III) nanoparticles (NPs) are prepared by size‐, shape‐, and phase‐controlled colloidal synthesis.

Cited by 8 publications

References 1 publication

Layered Tin Phosphide Composites as Promising Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Layered Tin Phosphide Composites as Promising Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries

SnxPy Nanoplate/Reduced Graphene Oxide Composites as Anode Materials for Lithium-/Sodium-Ion Batteries

Triphenyl Phosphite as the Phosphorus Source for the Scalable and Cost-Effective Production of Transition Metal Phosphides

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Sn_xP_y Nanoplate/Reduced Graphene Oxide Composites as Anode Materials for Lithium-/Sodium-Ion Batteries