ChemInform Abstract: Microstructure, Electrical Conductivity, and Piezoelectric Properties of Bismuth Titanate.

Abstract

Microstructure, Electrical Conductivity, and Piezoelectric Properties of Bismuth Titanate.-The effects of the microstructure and dopants on the conductivity of bismuth titanate, Bi4Ti3O12 (BIT) are studied with regard to the development of a high temp. piezoelectric ceramic. Below Tc, coarse-grained BIT shows a higher conductivity than the fine-grained material. By addition of acceptor dopants such as Ca and Sr substituting for Bi or Fe substituting for Ti, the conductivity also increases, whereas a donor dopant (Nb) causes a decrease of the conductivity up to 3 orders of magnitude. The highest piezoelectric coefficient d33 = 20.0 pC/N is observed for Bi4Ti2.86Nb0.14O12. -(SHULMAN, H. S.; TESTORF, M.; DAMJANOVIC, D.; SETTER, N.; J.

Effect of (K0.5Ce0.5) complex on the electrical properties of lead‐free Bi4Ti2.86W0.14O12 high‐temperature piezoelectric ceramics

“…However, (V ′′′ Bi ) is still in the ceramics, and the holes are weakly bonded with (V ′′′ Bi ). Such weakly bonded holes are easy to be activated, which make the ceramics showing p-type conductive behavior [32,43]. As discussed in our previous work [23], when Ti 4+ ions at the B-site are substituted with W 6+ ions, the defect W •• Ti is formed, while releasing electrons by Eq.…”

“…2(c) and 2(d), the typical plate-like grain growth behavior can be effectively inhibited, and some grains turn into particle-like morphology. It is well known that platelike grain growth is a typical feature of BLSFs compounds because the surface energy of (001) plane perpendicular to the c-axis is lower, i.e., grain growth rate along the a-b plane is faster than that in the c direction, so higher grain growth rate can be induced during the sintering process [16,25,32]. Therefore, the microstructural evolution in Fig.…”