SummaryElectrically conducting polymers derived from linear chain insulating macromolecules are best described as ion-radical salts of the backbone-units. They are obtained from the parent polymer by oxidation or reduction; in some cases the conducting polymer is obtained by simultaneous polymerization and oxidation from the corresponding polymer directly. The so called electropolymerization of pyrrole is an example for the latter case. The stability and other properties of the conducting polymers as they are related to possible applications can be understood based on the structural informations on these salts of rather high reactivity with regard to redox-reactions.Paper presented at the meeting of the GDCh-Fachgruppe "Makromolekulare Chemie" on "New Polymers -special properties -modern technologies" in Bad Nauheim (W-Germany) on April 14/15 1986. 01986 HiithigBt Wepf Verlag, Basel