ChemInform Abstract: Introductory Review (on Bromine Compounds)

Bassett, D. J. P.; Chetland, J.; Kyte, A. B.; Marsden, Helen M.; Roberts, P. N.; Summers, W. N.; Watkins, David; Wylde, L. E.

doi:10.1002/chin.198914371

Cited by 2 publications

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“…The vast growth of the bromine chemical industry began in 1924 with the commercial application of ethylene dibromide as a lead scavenger additive in gasoline. Since then, other bromine-containing products have followed, including methyl bromide for soil and space fumigation; brominated flame retardants for plastics, textiles, and polymers; high-density clear fluids for oil and gas well completion; and biocides for treating industrial and recreational water, intermediates for agricultural pesticides, and pharmaceuticals …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Bromine Stable Isotopes Using Continuous-Flow Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry

2005

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A new methodology for bromine stable isotope determination by continuous-flow isotope ratio mass spectrometry (CF-IRMS) was developed. The technique was tested on inorganic samples. Inorganic bromide was precipitated in the form of silver bromide by using silver nitrate in a standard methodology. Bromine stable isotope analysis was carried out on methyl bromide (CH3Br) after converting silver bromide to methyl bromide by reacting it with methyl iodide (CH3I). The system used in this study is an IsoPrime IRMS, with analytical capabilities of both dual-inlet and continuous-flow modes coupled with an Agilent 6890 GC equipped with a CTC Analytics CombiPAL autosampler. This new technique measures samples as small as 0.2 mg of AgBr (1 micromol of Br-). The bromine stable isotope analysis using continuous flow technology showed excellent precision and accuracy. The internal precision using pure methyl bromide gas is better than +/-0.03 per thousand (+/-SD); the external precision using seawater standard is better than +/-0.06 per thousand (+/-SD) for n = 12. Moreover, the sample analysis time is 16 min, as compared to 75 min needed in previous techniques. This allows for 50 samples to be analyzed in 1 day, as compared to 8 samples using the conventional techniques. A series of natural saline formation waters and brines from sedimentary and crystalline rock environments was measured by this new methodology to test the potential natural range of delta81Br. The bromine isotopic composition of the samples ranged from 0.00 to +1.80 per thousand relative to standard mean ocean bromide (SMOB). Initial trends and distinctive isotopic difference were noticed between crystalline shield brines and sedimentary formation brines.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Bromine Stable Isotopes Using Continuous-Flow Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry

2005

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“…Among the various inorganic bromides, we have focused our research on the preparation of calcium bromide. This compound has drawn our attention because of the increasing use of its aqueous solutions (50%) in oil explorations, as a substitute for the common drilling muds (Bassett et al, 1988; Kirk-Othmer, 1978). The respective inorganic starting material, aqueous calcium chloride, is a waste product of various chemical processes, and its economic value is negative.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%