“…47 In 2001, Yamamoto et al reported higher enantioselectivities of up to 97% ee for major syndiastereomeric aldol products arisen from comparable reactions based on the use of 4-Tol-BINAP combined with AgTf. 48,49 Later, in 2006, high enantioselectivities (96% ee) were also achieved by Hoveyda and co-workers in the Mukaiyama aldol reaction of silyl enolates with α-ketoesters by using another type of silver catalyst system, such as a chiral amino acid based ligand combined with AgF 2 . 50 On the other hand, in asymmetric direct aldol reactions, 38 the aldol donor and acceptor are used directly, without needing the preformation or preactivation of the enolate species for enantioselective C−C bond formation.…”