Chemiluminescence as a condition monitoring method for thermal aging and lifetime prediction of an HTPB elastomer

Celina, Mathias C.; Trujillo, Ana B; Gillen, K.T.; Minier, Leanna M. G.

doi:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2006.04.004

Cited by 22 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…These are likely the result of radiation induced backbiting reactions observed in previous studies of radiation induced degradation of siloxane polymers [5,6,[26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39]. It has been postulated that recombination of the two types of polymer radicals pSi and pSiCH 2 can lead to three types of crosslinks [5].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Quantification of radiation induced crosslinking in a commercial, toughened silicone rubber, TR55 by 1H MQ-NMR

Maxwell¹,

Chinn

Alviso

et al. 2009

Polymer Degradation and Stability

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a b s t r a c tRadiation induced degradation in a commercial, filled silicone composite has been studied by SPME/GC-MS, DMA, DSC, swelling, and multiple quantum NMR. Analysis of volatile and semi-volatile species indicates degradation via decomposition of the peroxide curing catalyst and radiation induced backbiting reactions. DMA, swelling, and spin-echo NMR analysis indicate an increase in crosslink density of near 100% upon exposure to a cumulative dose of 250 kGray. Analysis of the sol fraction via Charlesby-Pinner analysis indicates a ratio of chain scission to crosslinking yields of 0.38, consistent with the dominance of the crosslinking observed by DMA, swelling and spin-echo NMR and the chain scissioning reactions observed by MS analysis. Multiple quantum NMR has revealed a bimodal distribution of residual dipolar couplings near 1 krad/s and 5 krad/s in an approximately 90:10 ratio, consistent with bulk network chains and chains associated with the filler surface. Upon exposure to radiation, the mean CU d D for both domains and the width of both domains increased. The MQ-NMR analysis provided increased insight into the effects of ionizing radiation on the network structure of silicone polymers.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Quantification of radiation induced crosslinking in a commercial, toughened silicone rubber, TR55 by 1H MQ-NMR

Maxwell¹,

Chinn

Alviso

et al. 2009

Polymer Degradation and Stability

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“…Unsaturated bonds containing materials such as HTPB are the most affected categories of polymers by the thermal‐oxidation degradation due to the high reactivity of the unsaturated bond in the free radical . Therefore, the development of methods for inhibition of the oxidation process is remarked in many studies …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Introducing antioxidants in resins is remarked as an effective method for inhibition of the oxidation reaction. In fact, antioxidants terminated the radical reactions by elimination of the produced radical intermediates . The development of the antioxidants application could be related to their good characteristics including good compatibility with resin, high effectivity on inhibition of the oxidation process, persistency, nonhazardous nature, and efficiency .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…26,27 Therefore, the development of methods for inhibition of the oxidation process is remarked in many studies. [28][29][30] The thermal-oxidative degradation of the materials is directly affected by the activation energy (E a ) of the decomposition reaction. Therefore, investigation of the E a value of degradation process could be assumed as a helpful method in evaluation of the antioxidant effect.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fact, antioxidants terminated the radical reactions by elimination of the produced radical intermediates. 30,43 The development of the antioxidants application could be related to their good characteristics including good compatibility with resin, high effectivity on inhibition of the oxidation process, persistency, nonhazardous nature, and efficiency. 44 Antioxidants are divided into two categories on the basis of the mechanism of the inhibition reaction including the radical scavengers (primary antioxidants) and peroxide decomposers (secondary antioxidants).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of the 3‐hydroxy pyridine antioxidant effect on the thermal‐oxidative degradation of HTPB

Nazmi

Yarmohammadi

Pedram

et al. 2018

Int J of Chemical Kinetics

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The effect of the mixture of two antioxidants has been evaluated on the thermal‐oxidant degradation of the hydroxyl‐terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) because of its importance in the coatings and adhesives industries. 2,2‐Methylene bis(4‐methyl‐6‐tertiarybutylphenol) or A.O.2246 and 3‐hydroxy pyridine have been considered as antioxidants in this study as a common HTPB antioxidant and an active antioxidant, respectively. The thermal‐oxidant degradation behavior of the HTPB has been investigated in the presence of a mixture of two antioxidants by TGA and DTG tests, and, subsequently, the results of these tests have been interpreted by two model‐free methods, e.g., Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose and Friedman methods. The results revealed that the mixture of two antioxidants affected the activation energy of the thermal‐oxidant degradation reaction of the HTPB. The calculated activation energy value obtained from the Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose method was about 199 ± 1 kJ⋅mol−1. In addition, the Ea value at various conversion rates has also been calculated by using the Friedman method. This method showed that the highest Ea value in the thermal‐oxidant degradation reaction belonged to the initiation step of the reaction (about 299 kJ⋅mol−1). Moreover, the lowest activation energy value was correlated to the second step of the degradation reaction at a conversion rate of 0.6 (about 184 kJ⋅mol−1).

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Ageing Phenomena in Polymers: A Short Survey

2018

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Chemiluminescence as a condition monitoring method for thermal aging and lifetime prediction of an HTPB elastomer

Cited by 22 publications

References 48 publications

Quantification of radiation induced crosslinking in a commercial, toughened silicone rubber, TR55 by 1H MQ-NMR

Quantification of radiation induced crosslinking in a commercial, toughened silicone rubber, TR55 by 1H MQ-NMR

Evaluation of the 3‐hydroxy pyridine antioxidant effect on the thermal‐oxidative degradation of HTPB

Ageing Phenomena in Polymers: A Short Survey

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