Chemically Prelithiated Hard‐Carbon Anode for High Power and High Capacity Li‐Ion Batteries

Abstract

Hard carbons (HC) have potential high capacities and power capability, prospectively serving as an alternative anode material for Li‐ion batteries (LIB). However, their low initial coulombic efficiency (ICE) and the resulting poor cyclability hinder their practical applications. Herein, a facile and effective approach is developed to prelithiate hard carbons by a spontaneous chemical reaction with lithium naphthalenide (Li‐Naph). Due to the mild reactivity and strong lithiation ability of Li‐Naph, HC anode can be prelithiated rapidly in a few minutes and controllably to a desirable level by tuning the reaction time. The as‐formed prelithiated hard carbon (pHC) has a thinner, denser, and more robust solid electrolyte interface layer consisting of uniformly distributed LiF, thus demonstrating a very high ICE, high power, and stable cyclability. When paired with the current commercial LiCoO2 and LiFePO4 cathodes, the assembled pHC/LiCoO2 and pHC/LiFePO4 full cells exhibit a high ICE of >95.0% and a nearly 100% utilization of electrode‐active materials, confirming a practical application of pHC for a new generation of high capacity and high power LIBs.

Self‐standing hard carbon anode derived from hyper‐linked nanocellulose with high cycling stability for lithium‐ion batteries

“…[14][15][16][17][18][19][20] To address the aforementioned problems, intense effort has been made to pursue higher capacities of other carbonaceous anode materials. 21 Recently, owing to the distinct structural advantages of short range lamellar order, 11 expanded interlayer spacing 22,23 and abundant micropores, 24,25 hard carbon stands out as a promising candidate to graphitic anode for the next-generation LIBs. 1 It is worth noting that hard carbons do not possess a standard structural model like graphite.…”

“…Recently, owing to the distinct structural advantages of short range lamellar order, 11 expanded interlayer spacing 22,23 and abundant micropores, 24,25 hard carbon stands out as a promising candidate to graphitic anode for the next‐generation LIBs 1 . It is worth noting that hard carbons do not possess a standard structural model like graphite 26 .…”

High-Capacity Reversible Lithium Storage in Defined Microporous Carbon Framework for All Solid-State Lithium Batteries

“…Consequently, these results are of high value and are expected to be further improved, e.g., by pre-lithiation of the carbon via chemical or physical approaches. 55,56 Theoretical calculation of the investigated ASSB cell revealed projected gravimetric and volumetric energy densities of 443 Wh kg -1 and 1001 Wh L -1 for the complete cell stack at n/p = 1 as utilized in the experiment assuming an SE layer thickness of 30 µm (detailed calculation see Supplementary Table 1 and 2 plus Notes).…”

Improving the Cycling Stability of Fe3O4/NiO Anode for Lithium Ion Battery by Constructing Novel Bimodal Nanoporous Urchin Network

“…Li-ion batteries (LIBs) have been widely used in various electronic equipment due to their high energy density and long service life [1][2][3][4]. The theoretical capacity of the currently used graphite anode is only 372 mAh g −1 , which can no longer meet the market demand [5].…”