Chemically Modified Electrodes in Biosensing

Abstract

The development of chemical sensors has received a great deal of scientific interest in the last decades. Not only the chemical industry may benefit from these sensors but also the food industry, bio-industry, medicine, environmental control because of their capability to give continuously and reversibly a selective and fast response to the presence of a specific compound in a complex mixture of components, without perturbing the system. Biosensors combine the power of analytical detection techniques with the specificity of biological recognition system and therefore they are the most promising devices today about this selectivity. Furthermore, biosensors possess many unique features such as compact size, simplicity of use, one-step reagentless analysis, absence of radioactivity, etc., that make them very attractive alternatives to conventional bioanalytical techniques. The present short review highlights some modern aspects of Chemically Modified Electrodes (CMEs) based on redox enzymes used in amperometric biosensing, a detection method which has already found a large number of applications in health care, food industry and environmental analysis. Some relevant applications of amperometric biosensors based on CMEs to real sample analysis are also presented and some possible future trends highlighted.

Molybdenum oxide based sensors

“…Оның ішінде жоғары сезімталды, селективті, жылдам әрі арзан бағада тез нәтиже алуға мүмкіндік беретін электрохимиялық сенсорларға жоғары назар аударылып отыр [3]. Электрохимиялық сенсорлар да өз кезегінде тіркелетін электрохимиялық сигналдың түріне байланысты импедиметрлік, кондуктометрлік, потенциометрлік және амперометрлік түрлерге бөлінеді [4].…”

Review on Biosensors: Fundamentals, Classifications, Characteristics, Simulations, and Potential Applications

“…The sensor element is the one which senses the changes in the biomolecule and then converts into an electrical signal [3]. It is a logical device that uses a biological recognition system that measures the changes in biological processes or chemical reactions and then converts them into an electrical signal [4,5]. Figure 1 represents a typical biosensor which consists of the following components [6].…”

Voltammetric Determination of Ascorbic Acid in Pharmaceutical Formulations Using Modified Iodine-Coated Platinum Electrode

“…The modification of electrode surface is a quest to render electrochemical function that is not possible or difficult to achieve by using conventional electrodes. The goals of the improvement process include increasing selectivity, sensitivity, chemical and electrochemical stability, large usable potential window, and improving resistance to fouling (contaminating) (16).…”