Chemically Induced Mouse Models of Colitis

Abstract

Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), both of which are referred to as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), are chronic inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract that have characteristic clinical, pathological, endoscopic, and radiologic features. Knowledge about the pathogenesis of IBD has dramatically increased in recent years based in part on the use of experimental models of IBD. Although none of these models exactly mimics the human disorder, they have proven to be useful for studying many important aspects of these conditions. Detailed in this unit is a description of the most commonly used chemically induced mouse models of IBD. These include trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS), oxazolone, and acute or chronic dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) colitis models.

Heme Oxygenase-1 Ameliorates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-induced Acute Murine Colitis by Regulating Th17/Treg Cell Balance

“…DSS is a widely used chemical to induce a murine model of IBD, the clinical and pathological manifestations of which are found to resemble human UC (43)(44)(45). Thus, we fed the mice with 4% DSS for 7 days on the basis of pretreatment with or without hemin and SnPP according to our previous study (46) to observe the effect of HO-1 induction on DSS-induced colitis.…”

NOD2-Nitric Oxide-responsive MicroRNA-146a Activates Sonic Hedgehog Signaling to Orchestrate Inflammatory Responses in Murine Model of Inflammatory Bowel Disease

“…The DSS model mimics human IBD with respect to its etiology, pathogenesis, and therapeutic response (30,31).…”

PPARα-dependent exacerbation of experimental colitis by the hypolipidemic drug fenofibrate

“…Currently, a number of experimental IBD models have been established, e.g., dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-and 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced IBD models, that closely resemble the clinical and morphological features of human UC and CD. Although none of these models precisely mimic the human disorders, they have proven to be useful for a more complete understanding of the mechanistic basis of this disease, identifying new targets for therapeutic intervention, and testing novel therapeutic agents (30,46,51).…”