Chemically-induced epileptic seizures in zebrafish: A systematic review

Chitolina, Rafael; Gallas-Lopes, Matheus; Reis, Carlos G.; Benvenutti, Radharani; Stahlhofer-Buss, Thailana; Calcagnotto, Maria Elisa; Herrmann, Ana P.; Piato, Angelo

doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2023.107236

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 227 publications

(126 reference statements)

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“…An increase in angular velocity corresponds to a significant increase in the bending of the entire zebrafish body, which reflects erratic movements [ 19 ]. Angular velocity serves as an indicator of the irregular movement associated with seizures [ 20 ]. Each adult zebrafish was acclimated in 2 L of system water for 2 h and pretreated with VPA or VA in a 90-mm Petri dish for 30 min.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Novel Anti-Seizure Potential of Validamycin A Using Zebrafish Epilepsy Model

Lee,

Banik,

Lee

et al. 2024

Molecules

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Epilepsy is a prevalent neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures. Validamycin A (VA) is an antibiotic fungicide that inhibits trehalase activity and is widely used for crop protection in agriculture. In this study, we identified a novel function of VA as a potential anti-seizure medication in a zebrafish epilepsy model. Electroencephalogram (EEG) analysis demonstrated that VA reduced pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced seizures in the brains of larval and adult zebrafish. Moreover, VA reduced PTZ-induced irregular movement in a behavioral assessment of adult zebrafish. The developmental toxicity test showed no observable anatomical alteration when the zebrafish larvae were treated with VA up to 10 µM within the effective range. The median lethal dose of VA in adult zebrafish was > 14,000 mg/kg. These results imply that VA does not demonstrate observable toxicity in zebrafish at concentrations effective for generating anti-seizure activity in the EEG and alleviating abnormal behavior in the PTZ-induced epileptic model. Furthermore, the effectiveness of VA was comparable to that of valproic acid. These results indicate that VA may have a potentially safer anti-seizure profile than valproic acid, thus offering promising prospects for its application in agriculture and medicine.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Novel Anti-Seizure Potential of Validamycin A Using Zebrafish Epilepsy Model

Lee,

Banik,

Lee

et al. 2024

Molecules

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“…The dose needs to be optimized to achieve the desired epileptic activity while avoiding excessive or lethal effects. For different study objectives, different concentrations may be appropriate [19,20]. Many studies of chemically induced seizures have shown that pharmacological seizure induction is an excellent model because researchers can control the timing, number, and severity of seizures in animals [21].…”

Section: Pentylenetetrazolementioning

confidence: 99%

Diverse perspectives in zebrafish seizure models: An exploration of chemical inducers

Husnul Khotimah,

Fathina Zahrani Rahmaniar,

Fatimah Az Zahra

et al. 2024

World J. Adv. Res. Rev.

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Numerous studies have investigated seizures in zebrafish, employing diverse methods to induce and observe epilepsy. Chemical inducers have become indispensable tools for precisely manipulating neural activity in controlled experiments. This research is dedicated to a meticulous comparison and analysis of various seizure-inducing chemicals in zebrafish. The selected chemical inducers include pentylenetetrazole (PTZ), kainic acid (KA), picrotoxin (PTX), pilocarpine, and other substances. The primary mechanism of these inducers involves altering neurotransmitter receptors, particularly GABA and glutamate, at inhibitory or excitatory synapses. This alteration creates an imbalance between inhibitory and excitatory signals in the brain, contributing to epileptogenesis. The resulting hyperactivity in the zebrafish brain disrupts metabolism, elevates reactive oxygen species (ROS), and causes neuronal damage. Chemical induction offers valuable insights into the neurological activity of zebrafish, enabling the observation of behaviors such as whole-body contractions, loss of posture, or freezing. Various parameters can be adjusted to examine the effects of chemical inducers on zebrafish development and to replicate various types of seizures, such as status epilepticus and temporal lobe epilepsy. Despite the array of options available, many chemical inducers remain underutilized in zebrafish studies. To ensure the successful induction of models, monitoring gene expression markers such as c-fos, which represents neuronal activity, becomes crucial. Additionally, a scoring system is employed to analyze seizure severity and identify treatment efficacy. The existing gaps in utilizing chemical inducers present great opportunities for future model development. This chemically-induced seizure model in zebrafish is pivotal for unraveling seizure mechanisms, contributing significantly to advancements in neurological research.

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Functional assessment of akcnb1knock-out zebrafish to modelKCNB1-related neurodevelopmental and epileptic disorders

Robichon,

Bar,

Marian

et al. 2024

Preprint

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KCNB1encodes the Kv2.1 potassium channel α-subunit.De novopathogenic variants ofKCNB1with loss-of-function (LOF) properties have been associated with neurodevelopmental and epileptic disorders (DEE) diagnosed in early childhood. The study aims to characterize a knock-out (KO) zebrafish line targetingkcnb1 (kcnb1+/−andkcnb1−/−). We examined the spatial expression of kcnb1, as well as phenotypic behavior, cellular, and electrophysiological activity of fish during early development stages. In wild-type larval zebrafish, kcnb1 was found in various regions of the central nervous system but was undetected in the KO model. Bothkcnb1+/−andkcnb1−/−zebrafish displayed impaired swimming behavior and “epilepsy-like” features that persisted through embryonic and larval development, with variable severity. When exposed to the chemoconvulsant pentylenetetrazol (PTZ), mutant fish showed elevated locomotor activity and epileptiform-like electrographic activity. In addition, PTZ-exposedkcnb1−/−larvae exhibited higher bdnf mRNA expression and activated c-Fos positive neurons in the telencephalon. In this KO model, neuronal circuits, muscle fibers and neuromuscular junction organization remained unaffected, including normal AchR cluster distribution, although a decreased AchE mRNA expression was observed.kcnb1KO zebrafish develops early DEE-like phenotypes that affects neuronal functions. This study highlights the model’s relevance for investigating developmental neuronal signaling pathways inKCNB1-related DEEs.

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Chemically-induced epileptic seizures in zebrafish: A systematic review

Cited by 4 publications

References 227 publications

Assessment of the Novel Anti-Seizure Potential of Validamycin A Using Zebrafish Epilepsy Model

Assessment of the Novel Anti-Seizure Potential of Validamycin A Using Zebrafish Epilepsy Model

Diverse perspectives in zebrafish seizure models: An exploration of chemical inducers

Functional assessment of akcnb1knock-out zebrafish to modelKCNB1-related neurodevelopmental and epileptic disorders

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