Chemical treatment of cotton stalk and its effects on mechanical, rheological and morphological properties of Polypropylene/cotton stalk bio‐composites

Sachan, Abhishek; Choudhary, Veena; Vimal, K. K.; Kapur, G. S.

doi:10.1002/pc.24435

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 52 publications

(51 reference statements)

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“…Moreover, it is reported that the cellulose fibers from cotton stalks have higher mechanical properties than those from most lignocellulosic byproducts. Many studies show that alkali treatment removes amorphous materials such as hemicellulose, lignin, and pectin from the surface of cellulose fiber bundles and develops interfacial bonding between fiber and matrix which provide better mechanical properties (Hou et al, 2014;Reddy and Yang, 2009;Sachan et al, 2017;Zhou et al, 2017;Li et al, 2016). In addition, it has been observed that with the increase in temperature, the amount of cellulose also increased.…”

Section: Thermal Assisted Alkaline Pretreatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fiber Degradation and Sugars Production of Cotton Stalk by Different Chemical Pretreatment Methods

Özgül¹,

Koçar²

2022

bes

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Cotton stalk can be used as a reinforcement material for biocomposite production and it can be evaluated for biofuel production. The aim of this research is to investigate the effect of different chemical pretreatments on sugar production and fiber production from cotton stalks. For this purpose, thermal assisted alkaline pretreatment, microwave pretreatment with sulfuric acid, and hydrochloric acid pretreatments were performed by varying temperature, reaction time, and concentration. The results were compared according to total sugar amount and cellulose content. The highest amount of total sugar of thermal assisted alkaline pretreatment was 9.98 g/L, microwave pretreatment was 84.80 g/L, and hydrochloric acid pretreatment was 36.58 g/L. Also, the highest amount of cellulose of thermal assisted alkaline, microwave, and hydrochloric acid pretreatment were 64.12%, 62.54%, and 64.12%, respectively. Thus, while microwave pretreatment was the most effective method for total sugar, both alkaline and hydrochloric acid pretreatment had the same highest result for cellulose.

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Section: Thermal Assisted Alkaline Pretreatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fiber Degradation and Sugars Production of Cotton Stalk by Different Chemical Pretreatment Methods

Özgül¹,

Koçar²

2022

bes

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“…Jiang et al used lipase to treat wheatgrass and explored the relationship between biological enzymes and their characteristic information [88]. There are many reports on the pretreatment of cotton stalk powder using chemical or biological methods [89][90][91]. Researchers have never stopped studying the surface of biomass [92][93][94].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of different amounts of cellulase on the microstructure and soluble substances of cotton stalk bark

Xie

Tian

Liu

et al. 2022

Adv Compos Hybrid Mater

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There are plant cuticle and complex cell walls on the outer surface of cotton stalk bark (CSB), which reduce the efficiency of liquid penetration of CSB. To increase the permeability of liquids, these barriers need to be broken. Cellulase can selectively hydrolyze cellulose into glucose, and its action conditions are mild. Therefore, cellulase treatment is one of the excellent ways to break the CSB liquid permeation barrier. This experiment studied the effects of different amounts of cellulase treatment on the enzymatic hydrolysis products and surface of CSB. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and nano-CT were used to observe the changes in the microscopic morphology of CSB. Ion chromatography and an ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometer were used to determine the dissolution of CSB. The results showed that the cuticle of CSB treated with cellulase was broken, and the cell wall of phloem fibers became thinner, which increased the accessibility of liquid. The content of monosaccharide and lignin in CSB treatment solution increased with the increase of cellulase dosage. Correspondingly, the proportion of polysaccharides on the outer surface of CSB continued to decline and eventually stabilized. These experimental results can provide a reference for improving the permeability of natural fibers and the subsequent treatment effects of biomass products. Graphical abstract The pretreatment of cotton stalk barks with cellulase destroyed the dense protective structure of cell wall, and the content of monosaccharide and lignin in the treated solution increased with the increase of cellulase dosage.

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A review of the emerging approaches for developing multi‐scale filler‐reinforced epoxy nanocomposites with enhanced impact performance

Shelly,

Singhal,

Nanda

et al. 2024

Polymer Composites

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Fiber‐reinforced polymer composites (FRPCs) are utilized for myriad applications owing to their exceptional characteristics like high specific strength and stiffness. However, the low‐to‐moderate impact strength of these materials is a major constraint restricting their usage in fields requiring high‐impact performance. To ensure the reliable performance of FRPCs throughout the intended life span, a combination of good static mechanical properties and high impact resistance is crucial. Recent advancements in this field have yielded a breakthrough by developing novel materials that overcome this limitation. This groundbreaking achievement was realized by processing epoxy‐based GFRPs containing a synergistic blend of surface‐modified nano‐clay and compatibilized polymeric fiber micro‐reinforcement. This review provides an overview of advancements in the development of FRPCs, starting from the single‐filler to multi‐scale filler‐reinforced materials. The review elaborates on the effect of reinforcement of various thermoplastic fibers (polyethylene, para‐aramid, and spandex) on the mechanical performance of FRPCs. The necessity of filler compatibilization to enhance interfacial bonding constituents is also discussed. It can be concluded that the choice of surface treatment for a given thermoplastic fiber is governed by its chemical composition, the functional groups to be added on its surface through a specific compatibilization treatment, and the chemical nature of other constituents of the composite system with which the treated fiber surface interacts. Further, the greater the elasticity and ductility of the reinforced thermoplastic fiber, the higher the impact strength of the resulting epoxy‐based GFRPs. Finally, the review brings forth the potential opportunities for future research in this area.Highlights Discussed recent advancements in epoxy‐based GFRPs with multi‐scale filler reinforcement. Multi‐scale filler‐reinforced epoxy‐based GFRPs have myriad applications in aviation, automobile, marine, sports, etc. Nano‐/micro‐fillers in their pristine state degrade the mechanical performance of epoxy‐based GFRPs. Filler compatibilization is essential for achieving superior mechanical performance in epoxy‐based GFRPs. Reinforcing compatibilized soft/ductile thermoplastic fibers resulted in a notable increase in impact strength while maintaining tensile properties.

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Chemical treatment of cotton stalk and its effects on mechanical, rheological and morphological properties of Polypropylene/cotton stalk bio‐composites

Cited by 6 publications

References 52 publications

Fiber Degradation and Sugars Production of Cotton Stalk by Different Chemical Pretreatment Methods

Fiber Degradation and Sugars Production of Cotton Stalk by Different Chemical Pretreatment Methods

Effects of different amounts of cellulase on the microstructure and soluble substances of cotton stalk bark

A review of the emerging approaches for developing multi‐scale filler‐reinforced epoxy nanocomposites with enhanced impact performance

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